French version

In accordance with our probabilistic interaction model between the iodine stimulus and the Hominids evolution, we proposed a probabilistic relation, in the past, between the hominisation, in its encephalisation process, and the contemporary iodine sources. We now propose a probabilistic correlation between the current principal iodine vectors and the demographic density to the sphere surface.

In chapter VII (1 Iodine sources), we indicated the importance, by descending order, of the iodine current vectors: 1) seas and oceans with an average content iodine of about 2,3 10-4 g % (the marine fishes contain from 40 to 100 times more iodine than terrestrial origin food, vegetables, bread, meats, fruits, etc...) (Bernard 1939); the marine air contains 12 à 13 times more iodine than the continental air (Duval 1969); 2) lakes with average contents lower than 7 10-5 g %; 3) rivers with contents of 4 10-6 to 5 10-5 g %; 4) sedimentary rocks, from 10-5 to 10-4 g % (that depends on the sea distance and depth) (Duval 1969). Other sources contain more or less iodine, the volcanic activity solid or gas products (Pascal 1960), certain mineral water (6 10-2 g % in Java - Boeloe), the peat (1 to 4 10-3 g %) (Duval 1969), oil wells salted water (4 10-3 to 10-2 g %) (Pascal 1960), etc...

Many factors play a role in the ecumene current settlement: climate, relief, vegetation, grounds nature, industrialization, economy, policy, etc... Nevertheless, in accordance with our probabilistic model, we will seek if the brain development probabilistic dominating factor, iodine, that we saw at work in the last hominisation process, during million years, plays also an essential role, today, in the Homo sapiens sapiens distribution on our planet surface. We will take into account, in this study, only the intensity of the establishment of the populations, the value of the cultures and civilizations, products of the brain activity, escaping quantification.

Because of the demographic growth, the populations of the various countries strongly fluctuate in a few years (5 to 10 years). We used the following works statistics: Atlaseco 1994 - world Atlas Larousse 1992 - Merienne 1993 - Small Larousse 1984 - general Atlas Bordas 1970. These statistics give the various populations average situation in 1992/1993. It is obvious that 8/10 years later, these figures strongly varied for certain populations and in particular in Asia and in Africa. They will vary again. Nevertheless, we will see that the table of the world populations, at a given moment, makes it possible to validate our probabilistic model. 

1 The agglomerations starting from a million inhabitants

We classified the agglomerations according to their proximity (with more few tens of Kms) to the seas and oceans (M), the lakes (L) the volcanoes (V) or their continental position (C). In million inhabitants.

Oceania: M: Sydney (3,5), Melbourne (3,1), Adelaide (1), Perth (1), Brisbane (1,1) Total: 9,7.

Africa: M: The Cape (3), Casablanca (3,2), Abidjan (3), Cairo (11,3), Alexandria (3), Lagos (6), Ibadan (4,7), Tripoli (1), Tunis (1,7), Algiers (2,5), Oran (1), Rabat (1,4), Dakar (2,5), Conakry (1,1), Accra (1,5), Douala (1), Luanda (2), Port-Elizabeth (1), Durban (1), Dar be Salam (1,6), Maputo (1,5). Total = 55.

V: Kampala (1), Mwanza (1,6), Nairobi (2), Addis-Abeba (1,7), Dodoma (1). Total: 7,3.

C: Kinshasa (4,8), Johannesburg (8,4), Pretoria (1), Khartoum (2,5). Total: 16,7.

America: M: San-Francisco (3,5), Los-Angeles (14,5), New York (with Philadephie 24), Washington (with Baltimore 6,3), Houston (3,7), Boston (4,2), Caracas (4), Lima (7,2), Santiago (5,2), Buenos-Aires (11,6), Sao-Paulo (17), Rio-of-Janeiro (11), Miami (3,2), New-Orleans (1,2), Seattle (2,6), Vancouver (1,3), Portland (1,5), San Jose (1), San Diego (1), Tijuana (1), Fort-Lauderdale (1), Tampa (1), St-Petersburg (1), Jacksonville (1), Norfolk (1,4), Syracuse (1),Newark (1), Harford (1,1), Providence (1,1), Kingston (1), Havana (2,3), Port-au-Prince (1,5), Domenica (2,6), San Juan (1,1), Guatemala (2,3), San Salvador (2,6), Tegucicalpa (1), Managua (1), San Jose (1), Panama (1), Oporto-Alegre (1,3), Curitiba (1), Nova Iguaçu (1), Guyaquil (1,5), El Salvador (1,3), Recife (1,3), Fortaleza (1), Maracaibo (1), Belem (1), Sacramento (1,5), Montevideo (1,4). Total: 165,3.

L: Chicago (8), Detroit (4,7), Toronto (7,8), Salt-Lake City (1,1), Cleveland (2,8), Buffalo (1,4), Milwaukee (1,6). Total: 27,4.

V: La Paz (1,1), Mexico City (24), Bogota (4,8),Medellin (1,6), Cali (1,4), Quito (1,3), Monterey (1,3), Guadalajara (2), Leon (1), Puebla (1), Ciudad Juarez (1). Total 40,5.

C: Montreal (3,5), Dallas (3), Atlanta (2,8), St-Louis (2,4), Pittsburg (2,4), Fresno (1), Phoenix (2,1), Denver (1,8), Fort-Worth (1), Austin (1), San-Antonio (1), Memphis (1), Tulsa (1), Oklahoma City (1), Minneapolis (2,4), Birmingham(1), Orlando (1), Indianapolis (1,2), Cincinatti (1,4), Columbus (1), Nashville (1), Charlotte (1,1), Richmond (1), Albany (1), Springfield (1), Asuncion (1), Brasilia (1,6), Belo Horizonte (1,6). Total: 42,3.

Europe: M: London (7,7), Rome (3), Athens (3,4), Leningrad (5), Barcelona (3,9), Naples (2,9), Marseilles (1,1), Manchester (2,7), Liverpool (1), Dublin (1), Glasgow (1), Hamburg (1,7), Brussels (1), Amsterdam (1), Rotterdam (1), Copenhagen (1,4), Stockholm (1,5), Riga (1), Odessa (1), Rostov (1), Bakou (1,8), Lisbon (2,1), Milan (3,7), Turin (3), Genoa (1), Birmingham (2,2), Newcastle (1), Leeds (1), Dniepopetrovsk (1), Donetsk (1), Dortmund-Essen-Duisbourg (2). Total: 63,1.

C: Madrid (4,6), Paris (9,3), Berlin (3,4), Moscow (8,8), Lyon (1,3), Sofia (1,2), Belgrade (1,5), Budapest (2,1), Bucharest (2,5), Vienna (1,5), Munich (1,3), Prague (1,2), Warsaw (1,7), Cologne (1), Minsk (2,4), Kiev (3), Kharkov (1,4), Tbilissi (1,5), Erevan (1,2), Volgograd (1), Oufa (1), Kazan (1), Perm (1), Nijni-Novgorod (1,3), Samara (1,2), Omsk (1) Total: 58,4.

Asia: M: Karachi (8,2), Ahmadabad (3), Bombay (11,6), Madras (3), Calcutta (11,6), Dacca (6,2), Chittagong (1), Rangoon (3), Bangkok (8,6), Medan (3), Surabaya (2), Hanoi (3), Haiphong (3), Hochi Minh City (3,9), Canton (3), Hong-Kong (5,8), Shanghai (13,6), Pekin (11), Tianjin (9), Puisan (3), Seoul (17,8), Tokyo (24), Yokohama (3), Jakarta (11), Singapore (3,1), Manila (10,9), Kaohsiung (2,8), Taichung (3,2), Istanbul (7,2), Taipeh (2,9), Djedda (1,8), Pyongyang (2), Tel-Aviv (1,8), Kuwait-City (1,5), Beirut (1), Kuala-Lampur (1,3), Colombo (1,9), Sapporo (1), Kawasaki (1), Nagoya (2), Kobe (1,3), Kyoto (1,4), Bandung (1,6), Quezon-City (1,3), Fukuoka (1), Kita-Kyushu (1,4), Hiroshima (1), Hangzhou (1), Semarang (1), Fuzhou (1), Nankin (2), Qingdao (1,4), Luda (2), Anshan (1,1), Inchon (1), Taegu (1,3), Osaka (3,2), Pnom-Penh (1), Hyderabad (1), Pune (1), Coimbatore (1), Cochin (1), Bangalore (3), Trivandrum (1), Madurei (1), Shenyang (3,7), Ningbo (1), Tangshan (1), Zibo (1), Jinan (1), Fushun (1,2), Kao-Hiong (1,2), Xuzhou (1), Damas (1,5), Amman (1,8). Total: 266,1.

C: Baghdad (3,8), Teheran (11), Lahore (2,2), New-Delhi (8,5),Lanzhou (1), Kunming (1), Chengdu (1,3), Chongqinz (3,3), Xi' an (1,6), Taiyuan (1,2), Zhengzhou (1), Wuhan (3), Faisalabad (1), Ki-flax (1),Layoang (1), Baotou (1), Datong (1), Shijiazhuang (1), Qiqihar (1), Nan-chang (1), Huainan (1), Kabul (1,5), Ryad (1,8), Alma-Ata (1,1), Katmandou (1), Tachkent (2,1), Ankara (2,6), Sverdlovsk (1,2), Harbin (1,9), Lucknow (1), Kanpur (1,3), Jaipur (1), Nagpur (1), Guiyang (1), Changsha (1), Changchun (1,2), Hyderabad (1,6), Novossibirsk (1,3). Total: 71,5.

One must observe that the near total agglomerations, except some exceptions like Mexico City (V), are located at a sea, a lake or a river side. Europe, where the continental cities percentage is highest (48 %) is, actually, only one small peninsula at the asian continent end. The agglomerations are there seldom, except in Russia, with more than 500 km of a sea and the two Paris and Berlin metropolises (13 M.H. is 1,5 % of the total) are only to approximately 150 km of the sea. The continental population accounts for approximately 1/5 of the total population. The population M, L and V occupy a territory lower than 3 % of the emerged grounds is 3 % of 133 M.Km2 = 4 M. km2 what gives a population density of 634 M.H. / 4 M.Km2 = 158 H./Km2. The continental population has a density of 189 M.H. / 129 M.Km2 = 1,5 H./Km2 is approximately 100 times less.

2 World populations densities

The political and administrative states borders seldom coincide with the territories continental or maritime character. We have thus classify the territory in maritime M (with frontage and character maritime, i.e. of which the territory major part be locate with less of 200 with 300 km of sea), continental C (without frontage maritime and with character continental, i.e. of which the territory major part be locate with more of 200 with 300 km of sea), maritime/continental MC (with frontage maritime and with character semi-maritime semi-continental) and continental/maritime CM (with frontage maritime but with character continental). Given the weak worldwide importance of the territories situated near the lakes, we have assimilate them with territory M. The figures indicated are, in the order, the population in million inhabitants (M.I.), the surface in million km2 (M. km2) and the density as inhabitants with km2 (I./Km2).

Oceania: Australia (CM 17,3 - 7,7 - 2 of which M 15 - 0,4 - 38), Fiji (M 0,73 - 0,018 - 41), Kiribati (M 0,073 - 0,0008 - 91), Nauru (M 0,0095 - 0,000021 - 452), New-Zealand (MC 3,4 - 0,27 - 13 of which M 2,7 - 0,03 - 90), Papuasie-New Guinea (MC 3,76 - 0,462 - 8), Solomon (M 0,33 - 0,028 - 12), Western Samoa (M 0,17 - 0,0028 - 61), Tonga (M 0,096 - 0,0008 - 120), Tuvalu (M 0,0093 - 0,000024 - 387), Vanuatu (M 0,16 - 0,014 Total: 26,037 - 8,496 - 3 of which M 19,277 - 0,494 - 39 - MC 3,76 - 0,462 - 8 - C and CM 3 - 7,54 - 0,4.

America: Antigua and Barbara (M 0,082 - 0,00042 - 195), Argentina (CM 32,47 - 2,78 - 12 of which M 16 - 0,55 - 29), the Bahamas (M 0,261 - 0,0139 - 19), Barbados (M 0,258 - 0,0004 - 645), Belize (M 0,192 - 0,023 - 8), Bolivia (C 7,53 - 1,098 - 7), Brazil (CM 153,32 - 8,511 - 18 of which M 120 - 1,7 - 71), Canada (CM 26,94 - 9,976 - 3 of which M 20 - 2 - 10), Chile (M 13,38 - 0,756 - 18), Colombia (CM 33,61 - 1,142 - 9 of which M 26 - 0,23 - 113), Costa-Rica (M 3,10 - 0,051 - 61), Cuba (M 10,70 - 0,11 - 97), Dominican Republic (M 7,32 - 0,048 - 153), Domenica (M 0,083 - 0,00075 - 111), Ecuador (M 11,07 - 0,27 - 41), the United States (CM 252,058 - 9,529 - 26 of which M 133,209 - 1,674 - 80 - MC 54,791 - 1,426 - 38), Grenade (M 0,096 - 0,0003 - 282), Guatelama (M 9,20 - 0,108 - 85), Guyana (Cm 0,8 - 0,214 - 4), Haiti (M 6,61 - 0,027 - 244), Honduras (M 5,1 - 0,112 - 46), Jamaica (M 2,48 - 0,011 - 225), Mexico (M 86,15 - 1,97 - 44), Nicaragua (M 4 - 0,13 - 31), Panama (M 2,47 - 0,075 - 33), Paraguay (C 4,4 - 0,406 - 11), Peru (CM 22,8 - 1,285 - 18 of wich M 16 - 0,25 - 64), St-Christophe (M 0,04 - 0,00026 - 154), Ste-Lucie (M 0,154 - 0,000616 - 250), St-Vincent and Grenadines (M 0,12 - 0,00038 - 316), Salvador (M 5,3 - 0,021 - 252), Surinam (CM 0,42 - 0,163 - 3), Trinite and Tobago (M 1,24 - 0,005 - 248), Uruguay (CM 3,11 - 0,176 - 18 dont M 1,55 - 0,018 - 86), Venezuela (CM 20 - 0,912 - 22 of wich M 16 - 0,18 - 89). Total: 726,864 - 39,926 - 18 of which M 518,165 - 10,336 - 50 - MC 54,791 - 1,426 - 38 - C and CM 153,908 - 28,164 - 5. 

Africa: South Africa (MC 38,2 - 1,225 - 31), Angola (CM 10,3 - 1,246 - 8 of which M 3,5 - 0,24 - 15), Algeria (CM 25,8 - 2,381 - 11 of which M 24 - 0,12 - 200),Benign (CM 4,8 - 0,112 - 43 of which M 3 - 0,02 - 150), Botswana (C 1,3 - 0,582 - 2), Burkina (C 9,2 - 0,274 - 34), Burundi (M 5,6 - 0,027 - 207), Cameroun (MC 12,2 - 0,465 - 26), Cape Green (M 0,3 - 0,004 - 75), Center Africa (C 2,9 - 0,622 - 5), the Comoros (M 0,5 - 0,002 - 250), Congo (CM 2,4 - 0,342 - 7 of which M 1,2 - 0,03 - 40), Coast-to Ivoire (CM 12,4 - 0,32 - 39 of which M 7,2 - 0,064 - 112), Djibouti (MC 0,5 - 0,023 - 22), Egypt (CM 54,6 - 0,998 - 55 of which M 44 - 0,05 - 880), Erythree (M 4 - 0,126 - 32), Ethiopia (CM 47,6 - 1,097 - 43 of which M 32 - 0,2 - 160), Gabon (CM 1,2 - 0,267 - 4 of which M 0,6 - 0,05 - 14), Gambia (M 0,9 - 0,01 - 90), Ghana (M 15,5 - 0,238 - 65), Guinea (CM 7 - 0,245 - 29 of which M 4,5 - 0,05 - 90), Guinea-Bissau (M 1 - 0,036 - 28), Equatoriale Guinea (M 0,4 - 0,028 - 14), Kenya (CM 25,9 - 0,582 - 45 of which M 20 - 0,114 -182), Liberia (CM 2,7 - 0,099 - 27 of which M 1,3 - 0,02 - 65), Lesotho (C 1,8 - 0,03 - 60), Libya (CM 4,4 - 1,759 - 3 of which M 2,2 - 0,05 - 44), Madagascar (CM 12,4 - 0,587 - 21 of which M 6,2 - 0,12 - 52), Malawi (M 9,1 - 0,118 - 77), Mali (C 8,3 - 1,24 - 7), Morocco (CM 25,9 - 0,71 - 36 of which M 20 - 0,14 - 143), Maurice (M 1,1 - 0,002 -550), Mauritania (CM 2 - 0,812 - 2 of which M 1 - 0,04 - 25), Mozambique (MC 15,8 - 0,799 - 20), Namibia (CM 1,4 - 0,824 - 2), Niger (C 8 - 1,187 - 7), Nigeria (CM 123,8 - 0,923 - 134 of which M 40 - 0,09 - 444), Uganda (M 17,7 - 0,241 - 73), Rwanda (M 7,4 - 0,026 - 285), Toma Sao and Principle (M 0,1 - 0,001 - 100), Senegal (CM 7,5 - 0,196 - 38 of which M 6 - 0,04 - 150), Seychelles (M 0,07 - 0,0004 - 175), Sierra Leone (M 4,2 - 0,071 - 59), Somalia (CM 7,5 - 0,637 -12), Sudan (CM 29,1 - 2,5 - 12), Swaziland (C 0,8 - 0,017 - 47), Tanzania (MC 26 - 0,943 - 28), Chad (C 5,8 - 1,284 - 5), Togo (MC 3,6 - 0,056 - 64), Tunisia (M 8,3 - 0,155 - 54), Zaire (CM 35 - 2,345 - 15 of which M 7 - 0,23 - 30), Zambia (C 8,7 - 0,752 - 12), Zimbabwe (C 9,5 - 0,39 - 24). Total: 672,47 - 29,964 - 22 of which M 299,87 - 2,753- 109 - MC 96,3 - 3,511 - 27 - C and CM 276,3 - 23,696 - 12.

Europe: Albania (M 3,3 - 0,028 - 118), Germany (CM 79,1 - 0,357 - 222 of which M 39,55 - 0,119 - 332), Andorra (C 0,05 - 0,00047 - 106), Armenia (C 3,35 - 0,0298 - 112), Austria (C 7,8 - 0,0836 - 93), Azerbaidjan (MC 7,17 - 0,086 - 83), Bielarus (C 10,29 - 0,207 - 50), Belgium (M 9,98 - 0,03 - 333), Bosnia-Herzegovine (C 4,36 - 0,051 - 85), Bulgaria (MC 9 - 0,11 - 82), Croatia (MC 4,76 - 0,056 - 85), Denmark (M 5,15 - 0,043 - 120), Spain (CM 39,95 - 0,504 - 79 of which M 26 - 0,1 - 260), Estonia (MC 1,59 - 0,045 - 35), Finland (CM 5 - 0,338 - 15 of which M 3,75 - 0,067 - 56), France (MC 57,2 - 0,549 - 104), Georgia (MC 5,47 - 0,0697 - 78), Greece (CM 10,27 - 0,132 - 78 of which M 7 - 0,026 - 269), Hungary (C 10,32 - 0,093 - 111), Ireland (CM 3,49 - 0,07 - 50 of which M 1,5 - 0,007 - 214), Iceland (MC 0,25 - 0,102 - 2), Italy (M 57,59 - 0,301 - 191), Latvia (CM 2,69 - 0,064 - 42 of which M 1,35 - 0,006 - 225), Lichtenstein (C 0,03 - 0,00016 - 188), Lithuania (MC 3,75 - 0,065 - 58), Luxembourg (C 0,38 - 0,0025 - 152), Macedonia (C 2,03 - 0,025 - 81), Malta (M 0,35 - 0,00031 - 1129), Moldova (MC 4,37 - 0,033 - 132), Norway (CM 4,26 - 0,324 - 13 of which M 2,55 - 0,064 - 40), Netherlands (M 15,04 - 0,041 - 367), Poland (MC 38,27 - 0,312 - 123), Portugal (CM 10,42 - 0,092 - 113 of which M 6,25 - 0,014 - 446), Romania (MC 23,24 - 0,237 - 98), the United Kingdom (M 57,53 - 0,244 - 236), Russia (CM 107,72 - 4,366 - 25), Saint-Marin (M 0,023 - 0,00006 - 377), Slovaquie (C 5,38 - 0,049 - 110), Slovenie (MC 1,97 - 0,02 - 99), Sweden (CM 8,6 - 0,449 - 19 of which M 7 - 0,04 - 175), Switzerland (MC 6,8 - 0,041 - 166), Republic Czech (C 10,34 - 0,078 - 133), Ukraine (MC 51,87 - 0,603 - 86), Yugoslavia (MC 10,33 - 0,102 - 101). Total: 700,83 - 10,434 - 67 of which M 243,91 - 1,132 - 215 - MC 226,04 - 2,431 - 93 - C and CM 230,88 - 6,871 - 34.

Asia: Afghanistan (C 16 - 0,652 - 25), Saudi Arabia (CM 14,8 - 2,24 - 7), Bahrain (M 0,5 - 0,000692 - 723), Bangladesh (M 115,5 - 0,144 - 802), Bhutan (C 1,5 - 0,047 - 32), Burma (CM 42,5 - 0,677 - 63 of which M 21,25 - 0,135 - 157), Brunei (M 0,26 - 0,0056 - 46), Kampuchea (CM 8,78 - 0,182 - 48), China (1148 - 9,44 - 122 of which M 620 - 1,84 - 337 - MC 172 - 0,49 - 351 - C 356 - 7,11 - 50), Cyprus (M 0,75 - 0,009 - 83), North Korea (M 22 - 0,123 - 179), South Korea (M 43,25 - 0,099 - 437), Emirate-Arabs Plain (CM 1,95 - 0,077 - 25 of which M 1,6 - 0,007 - 229), India (863 - 3,193 - 275 of which M 330 - 0,705 - 468 - MC 230 - 0,932 - 247 - C 303 - 1,556 - 195), Indonesia (CM 182 - 1,949 - 93 of which M 150 - 0,5 - 300), Iraq (CM 18,32 - 0,435 - 42), Iran (CM 57 - 1,638 - 35 of which M 17 - 0,33 - 52), Israel (M 4,8 - 0,02 - 240), Japan (M 124 - 0,378 - 328), Jordan (CM 3,28 - 0,089 - 37), Kazakhstan (CM 16,8 - 2,717 - 6), Kirghizie (C 4,3 - 0,198 - 22), Kuwait (M 1 - 0,017 - 59), Laos (C 4,29 - 0,236 - 18), Lebanon (M 2,7 - 0,01- 270), Malaysia (CM 18,24 - 0,33 - 55 of which M 16 - 0,13 - 123), Maldives (M 0,22 - 0,00029 - 759), Mongolia (C 2,2 - 1,565 - 1), Nepal (C 19,4 - 0,147 - 132), Uzbekistan (CM 20,7 - 0,447 - 46), Pakistan (MC 125 - 0,796 - 157), the Philippines (M 62,4 - 0,3 - 208), Qatar (M 0,45 - 0,011 - 41), Russia (CM 40,76 - 12,739 - 3), Singapore (M 2,72 - 0,0006 - 4533), Sri Lanka (M 17,2 - 0,065 - 265), Syria (CM 12,5 - 0,185 - 68), Tadjikistan (C 5,35 - 0,143 - 37), Taiwan (M 20,5 - 0,036 - 569), Thailand (MC 57,2 - 0,514 - 111), Turkmenistan (CM 3,71 - 0,488 - 8), Turkey (CM 58,4 - 0,78 - 75 of which M 35 - 0,16 - 219), Vietnam (M 67,6 - 0,329 - 205), Yemen (CM 11,84 - 0,472 - 25). Total: 3243,67 - 43,924 - 74 of which M 1676,7 - 5,355 - 313 - MC 584,2 - 2,732 - 214 - C and CM 982,77 - 35,837 - 27.

The continental population density (16) is 5,5 times less low than that of the maritime-continental population (91) and 9 times less low than that of the maritime population (137), the two last categories presenting between them a ratio of 1,5 times (137/91).

The analysis of the United States settlement is interesting because it has a vast population, established on a territory almost as large as Europe, but where the states are maritime or continental often distinct. We classified the American states into maritime (M), maritime-continental (MC), lake-continental (LC), continental maritime (CM), continental-lakes (CL) and continental (C), according to the sea and the lakes decreasing proximity, according to the chapter 2 definition.

Alabama (CM 4,041 - 0,133 -30), Alaska (CM 0,55 - 1,53 - 0,36), Arizona (C 3,666 - 0,295 - 12), Arkansas (C 2,351 - 0,137 - 17), California (M 29,76 - 0,411 - 72), North Carolina (MC 6,629 - 0,136 - 49), South Carolina (MC 3,487 - 0,08 - 44), Colorado (C 3,295 - 0,269 - 12), D.C. Columbia (M 3,924 - 0,00017 - 23083), Connecticut (M 3,287 - 0,013 - 252), North Dakota (C 0,639 - 0,183 - 3), South Dakota (C 0,696 - 0,2 - 3), Delaware(M 0,667 - 0,005 - 133), Florida (M 12,938 - 0,152 - 85), Georgia (MC 6,479 - 0,152 - 43), Hawaii (M 1,109 - 0,016 - 69), Idaho (C 1,007 - 0,216 - 5), Illinois (LC 11,431 - 0,15 - 76), Indiana (LC 5,545 - 0,094 - 59), Iowa (C 2,777 - 0,145 - 19), Kansas (C 2,478 - 0,213 - 12), Kentucky (C 3,686 - 0,104 - 35), Louisiana (Mc 4,22 - 0,123 - 34), Maine (Cm 1,228 - 0,086 - 14), Maryland (M 4,782 - 0,027 - 177), Massachussets (M 6,017 - 0,021 - 287), Michigan (L 9,296 - 0,151 - 62), Minnesota (Cl 4,376 - 0,224 - 20), Mississippi (Cm 2,574 - 0,123 - 21), Missouri (C 5,118 - 0,18 - 28), Montana (C 0,8 - 0,38 - 2), Nebraska (C 1,579 - 0,2 - 8), Nevada (C 1,202 - 0,286 - 4), New-Hampshire (M 1,11 - 0,024 - 46), New Jersey (M 7,731 - 0,02 - 386), New York (M 17,991 - 0,128 - 141), New Mexico (C 1,516 - 0,315 - 5), Ohio (L 10,848 - 0,107 - 101), Oklahoma (C 3,146 - 0,181 - 17), Oregon (CM 2,843 - 0,251 - 11), Pensylvanie (Ml 11,882 - 0,119 - 100), Rhode-Island (M 1,004 - 0,003 - 335), Tennessee (C 4,878 - 0,109 -45), Texas (Mc 17 - 0,691 - 25), Utah (C 1,723 - 0,22 - 8), Vermont (Cm 0,563 - 0,025 - 23), Virginia (M 6,188 - 0,105 - 59), Virginia-Western (C 1,794 - 0,062 - 29), Washington (CM 4,867 - 0,176 - 28), Wisconsin (L 4,892 - 0,145 - 34), Wyoming (C 0,454 - 0,253 -2).

Total: 252,064 - 9,369 - 27 of which M and L 133,426 - 1,447 - 92 MC and LC 54,791 - 1,426 - 38 - C, CM and CL 63,847 - 6,496 - 10.

If we consider the states strictly continental C (without maritime frontage), by eliminating 6 states from the East, which are relatively close to the sea or the Large Lakes (less than 500 km: Tennessee, Kentucky, Western Virginia, Arkansas,Iowa and Missouri), there remains a group of 13 super-continental states: Arizona (3,666 - 0,295 - 12), Colorado (3,295 - 0,269 - 12), North Dakota (0,639 - 0,183 - 3), South Dakota (0,696 - 0,2 - 3), Idaho (1,007 - 0,216 - 5), Kansas (2,478 - 0,213 -12), Montana (0,8 - 0,38 - 2), Nebraska (1,579 - 0,2 - 8), Nevada (1,202 - 0,286 - 4), New Mexico (1,516 - 0,315 - 5), Oklahoma (3,146 - 0,181 - 17), Utah (1,723 - 0,22 - 8), Wyoming (0,454 - 0,253 - 2). Total = 22,201 - 3,211 - 7.

 Ratios :

These results are completely in phase with the corresponding world averages (1,50 times, 5,5 times and 9 times)

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Super C 22/252 = 9 % 3,2/9,3 = 34 % M-L/Super C = 92/7 13 times

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4 The insular settlement

We have chosen, in the definition of the islands, a restrictive concept: a territory, surrounded by a sea or an ocean, where any territory point is to less approximately 150 km of a coast, i.e. where the iodine influence is significant, which led us to eliminate from very large islands like New Guinea (0,77 M.Km2), Borneo (0,73 M.Km2), Madagascar (0,59 M.Km2), Sumatra (0,47 M.Km2), New Zealand (0,27 M.Km2), Sulawesi (0,19 M.Km2), Iceland (0,10 M.Km2). On another side, we neglected a small number of islands, weak population and surface, like the Cook or Marquises islands, whose taking into account would not modify our figures appreciably.

Europe: Ireland (3,5 - 0,07 - 50), Malta (0,36 - 0,0003 - 1200), The United Kingdom (57,5 - 0,244 - 236), Corsica (0,24 - 0,008 - 30), Sicily (4,93 - 0,025 - 197), Crete (0,5 - 0,008 - 62), Balearic Islands (0,6 - 0,004 - 150), Sardinia (1,58 -0,0024 - 66). Total = 69,21 - 0,361 - 192.

Africa: The Canaries (1,5 - 0,007 - 214), Cape Verde (0,34 - 0,004 - 85), Madeira (0,245 - 0,00074 - 331), The Comoros (0,52 - 0,0018 - 289), Reunion (0,52 - 0,0025 - 208), Maurice (1,09 - 0,002 - 545), Toma Sao (0,12 - 0,001 - 120), Seychelles (0,068 - 0,00045 - 151). Total: 4,403 - 0,01949 - 226. 

America: Antigua and Barbuda (0,082 -0,00044 - 186), Bermuda 0,055 - 0,000053 - 1038), the Bahamas (0,261 - 0,0139 - 19), Barbados (0,258 - 0,00043 - 600), Cuba (10,7 - 0,11 - 97), Curaçao (0,15 - 0,00047 - 330), Dominican Republic (7,32 - 0,048 - 153), Domenica (0,083 - 0,00075 - 111), Grenade (0,096 - 0,00034 - 282), Guadeloupe (0,34 - 0,0017 - 200), Haiti (6,6 - 0,027 - 244), Jamaica (2,48 - 0,011 - 225), Martinique (0,34 - 0,0011 - 309), Oporto-Rico (3,58 - 0,0088 - 407), St-Christophe and Neves (0,043 - 0,00026 - 165), Ste-Lucie (0,154 - 0,0006 - 257), St-Vincent and Grenadines (0,12 - 0,000138 - 316), Trinity and Tobago (1,249 - 0,005 - 250). Total: 33,911 - 0,229 - 148.

Oceania: Fiji (0,73 - 0,018 - 40), Kiribati (0,07 - 0,0008 - 88), Nauru (0,009 - 0,00002 - 450), Solomon (0,33 - 0,028 - 12), Western Samoa (0,17 - 0,0028 - 61), Tonga (0,097 - 0,00078 - 139), Tuvalu (0,009 - 0,00002 - 450), Vanuatu (0,16 - 0,014 - 11), New-Caledonia (0,117 - 0,016 - 7). Total: 1,692 - 0,0803 - 21.

Asia: Cyprus (0,74 - 0,009 - 83), Java (115 - 0,132 - 871), Small indonesian islands (24 - 0,307 - 72), Japan (124 - 0,378 - 328), Maldives (0,22 - 0,0003 - 733), the Philippines (62,4 - 0,3 - 208), Singapore (2,72 - 0,0006 - 4533), Sri Lanka (17,2 - 0,065 - 265), Taiwan (20,5 - 0,036 - 569), Sakhaline (0,616 - 0,087 - 7). Total: 367,396 - 1,3149 - 279

Thus, the extreme insularity character (surrounded by sea or ocean, but with less than 150 km of a coast), leads to a 238 I/Km2 average, that is to say 6 times more than the world average density.

If we compare the insular figures with the world figures, we obtain the following ratios:

Population

477/5370 = 9 %

Surface

2/133 = 1,5 %

Density

Insular/M = 238/137 = 1,7 times

Insular/MC = 238 / 91 = 2,6 times

Insular/C = 238 / 16 = 15 times

5 Lowest densities:

We retained, in this study, only the countries or territories of which the density does not exceed 10 I/Km2 and whose population is, at least, of 1 M. H.

Oceania: Australia (CM 17,3 - 7,7 -2), New Guinea (CM 6 - 0,77 - 8).

America: Bolivia (C 7,53 - 1,098 - 7), Canada (CM 26,94 - 9,976 - 3), Paraguay (C 4,4 - 0,406 - 10/11).

Europe: Nothing.

Africa: Botswana (C 1,3 - 0,582 - 2), Libya (CM 4,4 - 1,759 - 3), Mauritania (CM 2 - 0,812 - 2), Namibia (CM 1,4 - 0,824 - 2), Angola (CM 10,3 - 1,246 - 8), Center-Africa (C 2,9 - 0,622 - 5), Congo (CM 2,4 - 0,342 - 7), Gabon (CM 1,2 - 0,267 - 4), Mali (C 8,3 - 1,24 - 7), Niger (C 8 - 1,187 - 7), Chad (C 5,8 - 1,284 - 5).

Asia: Kazakhstan (CM 16,8 - 2,717 - 6), Turkmenistan (CM 3,71 - 0,488 - < 8), Saudi Arabia (CM 14,8 - 2,24 - 7), Mongolia (C 2,2 - 1,565 - 1), Russia (CM 40,76 - 12,739 - 3), Tibet (C 1,9 - 1,22 - 1), Sin-Kiang (C 13 - 1,646 - 8).

Total: 203,34 - 52,73 - 4.

On these 23 low densities country or territories, 13 are CM and 10 are C None is M, or even MC, which confirms the weak settlements definitely continental character.

Ratios (compared to the world figures):

Population

203/5370 = 3,80 %

Surface

53/133 = 40 %

Density

Insular densities / lower densities: 238/4 = 60 times

M / lower densities = 137/4 = 34 times

MC / lower densities = 91/4 = 23 times

C / lower densities = 16/4 = 4 times

6 Strongest densities

We retained, in this study, only the countries or territories whose population is higher than 1 M. H. and the density higher than 150 I/Km2.

Singapore (M 2,72 - 0,0006 - 4533), Java (MV 115 - 0,132 - 871), Bangladesh (M 115,5 - 0,144 - 802), Taiwan (MV 20,5 - 0,036 - 569), Mauritius (M 1,1 - 0,002 - 550), South Korea (M 43,25 - 0,099 - 437), Oporto-Rico (M 3,58 - 0,0088 - 407), Netherlands (M 15,04 - 0,041 - 369), Japan (MV 124 - 0,378 - 328), Belgium (M 9,98 - 0,03 - 325), Rwanda (LV 7,4 - 0,026 - 285), India (MC 863 - 3,193 - 275), Sri Lanka (M 17,2 - 0,065 - 265), Lebanon (M 2,7 - 0,01 - 270), El Salvador (M 5,3 - 0,021 - 252), Trinity and Tobago (M 1,24 - 0,005 - 248), Haiti (M 6,61 - 0,027 - 245), Israel (M 4,8 - 0,02 - 240), The United Kingdom (M 57,53 - 0,244 - 236), Jamaica (M 2,48 - 0,011 - 225), Germany (MC 79,1 - 0,357 - 222), the Canaries (M 1,5 - 0,007 - 214), the Philippines (M 62,4 - 0,3 - 208), Burundi (LV 5,6 - 0,027 - 207), Vietnam (M 67,6 - 0,329 - 205), Italy (M 57,59 - 0,301 - 191), North Korea (M 22 - 0,123 - 179), Switzerland (L 6,8 - 0,041 - 166), Republic-Dominican (M 7,32 - 0,048 - 153). Total: 1728,84 - 6,025- 287.  

On these 29 countries or territories, 27 are M or L and two only MC (India and Germany). None is CM or C. Of three territories more densement populated (except for Singapore which is a city-state), two are territories at the same time insular and volcanic (Java and Taiwan), the third (Bangladesh) bathes almost in the Bengal Bay, with periodic floods. In Africa, the two states densement populated, Rwanda (285 I/Km2) and Burundi (207 I/Km2), are located in Eastern Africa, in volcanic sites, like Java (871 I/Km2) in Asia, and prolong, today, the hominisation paleontological sites.

Ratios (compared to the world figures):

Population

1729/5370 = 32 %

Surface

6/133 = 4,50 %

Density

The strongest densities / insular densities = 287/238 = 1,20 times

The strongest densities / M = 287/137 = 2 times

The strongest densities / MC = 287/91 = 3 times

The strongest densities / C = 287/16 = 18 times

The strongest densities / the weakest densities = 287/4 = 72 times

7 Conclusions

If we summarize the results obtained in these various searchs, we note that they let appear a correlation without ambiguity between the current iodine vectors proximity and the settlement earth densities intensity, with increasing densities going (I./Km2), of 4 (lower super-continental densities), to 16 (continental), 91 (maritime-continental), 137 (maritime), 238 (insular) and 287 (stronger insular, maritime, lake and volcanic densities).

 Let us point out the world ratios and, comparatively, those of the U.S.A.:

We can compare the various densities (C = 16, MC = 91 and M = 137) with the earth settlement average density 40 I/Km2. Let us evaluate the variations probabilities of the settlement densities, compared to a randomly distribution. If one uses " the variation decimal unit " defined by Emile Borel, variation which has probability 1/10 of being exceeded, the variation decimal unit is the average density inhabitants square root (40) is 6 and the probability of a variation n times larger than the variation decimal unit is 10-n2 (Boursin 1986). Thus, for C (16), the probability is (24/6 = 4) 10 - 4x4 = 10 - 16; for MC (91), the probability is (51/6 = 8) 10 - 8x8 = 10 - 64; for M (137), the probability is (97/6 = 16) = 10 - 16x16 = 10 -256. In other words, the probability so that the continental, maritime-continental or maritime settlement density variations, compared to the earth settlement average density, must randomly are extremely weak and almost null. This confirms our probabilistic correlation model between settlement density and contemporary iodine sources.

Next : IX A probabilistic interaction model between the PO2 PAL evolution and the biological evolution

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