EUROPE

Last Update October 4, 2001

ALAND - ALBANIA - ANDORRA - AUSTRIA - BELARUS - BELGIUM - BOSNIA and HERZEGOVINA - BULGARIA - CROATIA - CYPRUS - CYPRUS (North) - CZECH REPUBLIC - DENMARK - ESTONIA - FAROE Islands - FINLAND - FRANCE - GERMANY - GIBRALTAR - GREECE - GUERNESEY - HUNGARY - ICELAND - IRELAND - ITALY - LATVIA - LIECHTENSTEIN - LITHUANIA - LUXEMBOURG - MACEDONIA - MALTA - MAN, Isle of - MOLDOVA - MONACO - NETHERLANDS - NORWAY - POLAND - PORTUGAL - ROMANIA - RUSSIAN FEDERATION - SAN MARINO - SLOVAKIA - SLOVENIA - SPAIN - SWEDEN - SWITZERLAND - UKRAINE - UNITED KINGDOM - VATICAN - YUGOSLAVIA.

ALAND (Dependency of Finland)	Lagtinget (Diet) Ragnar Erlandsson - Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Born : on September 09, 1941 (Speaker of the Legislative Assembly since October 1999) The Lagtinget (Diet) has 30 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation. Last elections : 17 October 1999 (next to be held by NA 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : LpA 9 (Liberalerna pö Åland / Liberals of Aland, liberal) ; AC 9 (Ålands Center / Aland Centre, centrist) ; FS 4 (Frissinad Samverkan / Freethinking Co-operation, conservative) ; OS 4 (Obunden Samling / Non-aligned Rally, conservative) ; AS 3 (Ålands Socialdemokrater / Aland Social Democrats, social-democratic) ; AF 1 (Ålands Framstegsgrupp / Alands Progress Group) WEB site - http://www.lagtinget.aland.fi/
ALBANIA	Kuvendi Popullor / People's Assembly Skënder Et'hem Gjinushi - President of the Parliament Born : on December 24,1949, Vlorë Education : Doctorate of immunology from "Pierre et Marie Curie" University, France. Party : PSSH (Partia Socialiste ë Shqipërisë / Socialist Party of Albania) (President of the Parliament since 23 July 1997) Unicameral People's Assembly or Kuvendi Popullor (155 seats ; most members are elected by direct popular vote and some by proportional vote for four-year terms)115 members in single-seat constituencies and 40 members elected through proportional representation. Last elections : 29 June 1997 and 6 July 1997 (next to be held NA 2001) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PSSH 99 (Partia Socialiste ë Shqipërisë / Socialist Party of Albania, extreme left) ; PDSH 29 (Partia Demokratike të Shqipërisë / Democratic Party of Albania, conservative) ; SDP 8 (Partia Social Demokratike ë Shqipërisë / Social Democratic Party of Albania, social-democratic) PMDN 4 (Partia për Mbrojten e te Drejtave te Njeriut / Human Rights'Unity Party, centrist with much support from Greek minority) PADS 2 (Partia Aliancë Demokratika ë Shqipërisë / Party of the Democratic Alliance of Albania, centrist) ; BK 3 (Balli Kombetar (National Front, nationalist) ; PLL 2 (Partia Lëvizja e Legalitetit (Movement of Legality Party, monarchist) ; PRSH 1 (Partia Republika ë Shqipërisë / Republican Party of Albania, conservative liberal) ; PUK 1 (Partia e Unitetit Kombëtare / Party of National Unity, nationalist) ; PAS 1 (Partia Agrar Shqiptare (Albanian Agrarian Party, pro-market reformist) ; Non-partisans 3 ; Run-offs 2 WEB site - http://www.parlament.al/
ANDORRA	Consell General de las Valls / General Council of the Valleys Francesc Areny Casal - Speaker (Syndic General) of the General Council Born : on June 28, 1959 Party : PL (Partit Liberal d'Andorra / Liberal Party of Andorra) (Speaker (Syndic General) of the General Council since 1997) Unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes ; members serve four-year terms) Last elections : 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA February 2005) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PLA 16 (Partit Liberal Andorra' / Liberal Party of Andorra, conservative liberal) ; PSD 6 (Partit Socialdemòcrata / Social-Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; PD 5 (Partit Demòcrata / Democratic Party, centrist) ; UL 2 (Unió Laurediana / Lauredian Union, local) WEB site - http://www.andorra.ad/consell/
AUSTRIA	Bundesversammlung / Federal Assembly Bundesrat / Federal Council Gerd Klamt - President of the Federal Council Born : November 02, 1942 in Villach Education : Technical school for mechanical engineering 1957-1960, real High School in Vienna (Externistenmatura 1964), engineer check of the technological trade museum (TGM) mechanical engineering KFZ technique 1983, termination of the formation - Industrial engineering 1989. Party : FPÖ (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs / Freedom Party of Austria) (President of the National Council since 1 January 2001) Bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung consists of Federal Council or Bundesrat (64 members ; members represent each of the states on the basis of population, but with each state having at least three representatives ; members serve a four- or six-year term) Last elections : September 1998 Last election results : percent of seats by party : ÖVP 26 (Österreichische Volkspartei / Austrian People's Party) ; SPÖ 24 (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs / Social-Democratic Party of Austria) ; FPÖ 14 (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs / Freedom Party of Austria) WEB site - http://www.parlinkom.gv.at/ Nationalrat / National Council Dr.Heinz Fischer - President of the National Council Born : on October 9,1938, Graz Education : Elementary school 1944-1948, Humanisti High School 1948-1956, studies of Law and Political Sciences at the University of Vienna (Dr. iur)1956-1961, Habilitation at the University of Innsbruck 1978. Party : SPÖ (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs / Socialdemocratic Party of Austria) (President of the National Council since 05. XI. 1990) National Council or Nationalrat (183 seats ; members elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 3 October 1999 (next to be held in the fall of 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SPÖ 65 (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs / Social-Democratic Party of Austria, social-democratic) ; FPÖ 52 (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs / Freedom Party of Austria, nationalist) ; ÖVP 52 (Österreichische Volkspartei / Austrian People's Party, conservative) ; Grüne 14 (Die Grünen / The Greens, ecologist) WEB site - http://www.parlinkom.gv.at/
BELARUS	Natsionalnoye Sabranie / Parliament Soviet Respubliki / Council of the Republic awaiting Aleksandr Voitovich - Speaker of the Supreme Council Born : Education : (Speaker of the Supreme Council since December 19, 2000) Bicameral Parliament (The Soviet Respubliki (Council of the Republic) has 64 members, 56 members indirectly elected and 8 members appointed by the president. WEB site - http://president.gov.by/eng/nationsobr/index.htm Palata Predstavikely /House of Representatives awaiting Anatoly Aleksandrovich Malofeyev - Chaiman of the House of Representatives Born : on May 14, 1933 in the city of Gomel Education/ Profession : Having graduated from the Gomel Railway College he worked as a locksmith at the carriage-repair plants in Minsk and Gomel. For four years he was at his military service at the fleet. By his education - economist, graduated from the Belarusian Institute of People's Economy in 1967. Political career : For a long time he was taking various posts at Party committees in Gomel, at the Department of Chemical and Light Industries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, was the Chairman of the Mozyr City Committee, Gomel and Minsk Regional CPB Committees, was the Chairman of Gomel Regional Executive Committee. From 1990 till 1992 was the First Secretary of the CC of the Communist Party of Belarus. elected Deputy of the USSR Supreme Soviet, People's Deputy of the USSR, twice - Deputy of the BSSR Supreme Soviet. Being elected Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Belarus of the 13th convocation from Mozyr-East constituency No.104, worked as Chairman Deputy of the Parliamentary Commission for Economic Policies and Reforms. (Chaiman of the House of Representatives since October 15, 2000) House of Representatives or Palata Pretsaviteley (has 110 members elected in single-seat constituencies elected for a four year term) Last elections : 15 and 29 october 2000 Last election results : seats by party : KPB 6 (Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Belarusi / Communist Party of Belarus, communist) ; APB 5 (Agrarnaya Partiya Belarusi / Agrarian Party of Belarus, agrarian) ; RPPS 2 (Respublikanskaya Partiya Pratsy y Spravyadivasti / Republican Party of Labour and Justice) ; LDP 1 (Liberal-Democratic Party) ; SDPNZ 1 (Satsiyal-Demokratychnaya Partiya Narodnaya Zgody / Social-Democratic Party of People's Accord) ; SSP 1 (Social and Sporting Party) ; Non-partisans 81 ; Vacant 13 (constituencies were elections were not valid). WEB site - http://www.belarus.net/parliame/
BELGIUM	Federal Parlement van België - Federal Parliament of Belgium Senaat-Senate Armand De Decker - President of the Senate Born : October 08, 1948 in Bruxelles Education : B.LL in Law (U.L.B. 1973) Party : PRL (Parti Réformateur Libéral / Liberal Reform Party) (President of the Senate since June 14, 1999) Senate or Senaat in Flemish, Senat in French (71 seats ; 40 members are directly elected by popular vote, 31 are indirectly elected ; members serve four-year terms) Last elections : 13 June 1999 (next to be held 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : WEB site - http://www.fed-parl.be/ Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers - Abgeordnetenkammer-House of Deputies Herman De Croo - President of the House of Deputies Born : in Opbrakel (Brakel) on August 12,1937 Education : Doctorate of Law. Party : VLD (Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten / Flemish Liberals and Democrats) (President of the Chamber of Deputies since 1999) House of Deputies or Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers in Flemish, Chambre des Députés in French (150 seats ; members are directly elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 13 June 1999 (next to be held 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : WEB site - http://www.lachambre.be/
BOSNIA and HERZEGOVINA	Skupstina / Parliament Zastupniãki dom / Predstavniãki dom / House of Representatives awaiting Sead Avdic - President of the National House of Representatives Born : Party : SDP (President of the National House of Representatives since 11 November 2000) Bicameral Parliamentary : Assembly or Skupstina consists of the National House of Representatives or Zastupniãki dom/Predstavniãki dom (has 42 members, elected for a two year term by proportional representation, 28 members elected from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and 14 members elected from the Serbian Republic) Last elections : 11 november 2000 Last election results : percent of seats by party : SDP 9 (Socijaldemokratska Partija Bosne I Hercegovine-Socijaldemokrati / Social Democratic Party BiH-Social Democrats) ; SDA 8 (Stranka Demokratski Akcije / Party of Democratic Action, Bosniak-nationalist) ; SDS 6 (Srpska Demokratska Stranka / Serb Democratic Party, Serb-nationalist) ; HDZ 5 (Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica (Croatian Democratic Community, Croatian-nationalist) ; SBiH 4 (Stranka za Bosnu i Hercegovinu / Party for BiH, moderate Bosniak-nationalist) ; PDP 2 (PDP-RS) ; SNSD-DSP 1 (Stranka Nezavisnih Socijaldemokrata / Party of Independent Social Democrats, social-democratic and Demokratska Socialisticka Partija / Democratic Socialist Party) ; SPRS 1 (Socialisticka Partija Republike Srpske / Socialist Party RS, social-democratic) ; SNS 1 (Srpski Narodni Savez RS - Biljana Plavsiç / Serbian People's Union RS-Biljana Plavsic, moderate) ; NHI 1 (Nova Hrvatska Inicijativa / New Croatian Initiative, moderate) ; BPS 1 (Bosanskohercegovaãka Patriotska Stranka / Bosnian-Hercegovinan Patriotic Party) ; DSPBiH 1 (Demokratska Stranka Penzionera BiH / Democratic Party of Pensioners BiH, one issue) WEB site - No known sites Dom Narodu / House of Peoples awaiting Drago Ljubicic - President of the House of Peoples Born : Party : SDS (President of the House of Peoples since 13 September 1998) House of Peoples or Dom Narodu (15 members, 10 elected by the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Assembly and 5 members by the Bosnian-Serb parliament.) Last elections : 12 September 1998 Last election results : percent of seats by party : WEB site - No known sites The parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has two chambers Zastupniãki dom Federacije / House of Representatives of the Federation awaiting Ivo Lozancic - President of House of Representatives of the Federation Born : (President of House of Representatives of the Federation since 1998) The Zastupniãki dom Federacije (House of Representatives of the Federation) has 140 members, elected for a two year term by proportional representation. Last elections : 11 november 2000 (next to be held 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SDA 38 (Stranka Demokratski Akcije) ; SDP 37 (Socijaldemokratska Partija Bosne I Hercegovine-Socijaldemokrati) ; HDZ 25 (Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica) ; SBiH 21 (Stranka za Bosnu i Hercegovinu) ; DNZ 3 (Demokratska Narodna Zajednica) ; BPS 2 (Bosanskohercegovaãka Patriotska Stranka) ; NHI 2 (Nova Hrvatska Inicijativa) ; SPF 2 (Stranka Penzionera Federacije BiH / Pensioners' Party of the BiH Federation) ; BOSS 2 (Bosanska Stranka / Bosnian Party) ; HSP 1 (Hrvatska Stranka Prava / Croatian Party of Rights, croatian nationalist) ; DSPBiH 1 (Demokratska Stranka Penzionera BiH) ; LDS 1 (Liberalna Demokratska Stranka / Liberal Democratic Party, liberal) ; RS 1 (Republikanska Stranka / Republican Party) ; HSS 1 (Hrvatska Seljacka Stranka / Croatian Peasants Party, croatian agrarian) ; HKDU 1 (Hrvatska krãanska demokratska unija / Croatian Christian Democratic Union, christian-democratic) ; GDS 1 (Gradjanska Demokratska Stranka / Civic Democratic Party, centrist) ; SNSD 1 (Stranka Nezavisnih Socijaldemokrata) WEB site - No known sites Dom Narodu / House of the Peoples awaiting Momir Tosic - President of House of Representatives of the Federation Born : (President of House of Representatives of the Federation since ) The Dom Narodu (House of the People's) will have half Bosniac and half Croat representation. Last elections : 12 September 1998 Last election results : percent of seats by party : WEB site - No known sites
BULGARIA	Narodno Sobranie/National Assembly Yordan Gheorghiev Sokolov - President of the National Assembly Born : in Sofia on January 18, 1933 Education : Graduated from the Kliment Ohridski University in Sofia with a degree in Law. Party : SDS (President of the National Assembly since 1997) Unicameral National Assembly or Narodno Sobranie (240 seats ; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies with a 4 % barrier) Last elections : 19 April 1997 (next to be held NA 2001) Last election results : percent of seats by party : ODS (Obedineni demokratiãni sili / United Democratic Forces) composed by : SDS 114 (Sajuz na Demokratiãnite Sili / Union of Democratic Forces, conservative) ; DP 7 (Demokratiãeska Partija / Democratic Party, conservative) ; BZNS-NS 7 (Balgarski Zemedelski Naroden Sajuz-NS / Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union-PU, agrarian) ; BZNS 4 (Balgarska Socialna Demokratiãeska Partija Bulgarian Social Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; VMRO 1 (Vnatreeno-Makedonska Revolucionerna Organizacija / Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization) and KZP 1 (Christian Agrarian Party) ; DL 58 (Demokratiãnata Levica / Democratic Left) ; ONS 19 (Obedinenie za Nacionalno Spasenie / Union for National Salvation) ; EL 14 (Koalicija Evrolevica / Coalition Euro-Left, social-democratic) ; BBB 12 (Balgarski Biznes Blok / Bulgarian Business Block, nationalist) WEB site - http://www.parliament.bg/
CROATIA	Hrvatski Drzavni Sabor Zastupnicki Dom / House of Counties Zlatco Tomcic - President of House of Representatives Born : on July 10, 1945. Zagreb Education : Graduated from the faculty of Beograd. (President of House of Representatives since February 2, 2000) Bicameral Assembly or Sabor consists of the House of Counties or Zupanijski Dom (151 members, elected for a four year term, 140 members in multi-seat constituencies, up to 6 members chosen by proportional representation represent Croatians residing abroad and 5 members of ethnic and national communities or minorities, whose share of the country's population exceeds 8%.) Last elections : 3 January 2000 (next to be held NA 2005) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SDP i HSLS (SDP and HSLS) composed by : SDP 44 (Socialdemokratska Partija Hrvatske / Social Democratic Party of Croatia, social-democratic) ; HSLS 24 (Hrvatska Socialna Liberalna Stranka / Croatian Social Liberal Party, liberal) and ; PGS 2 (Primorski-Goranksi Savez / Primorian-Goranian Union, regionalist) ; SBHS 1 (Slavonsko-baranjska hrvatska stranka / Slavonian-Baranian Croatian Party, regionalist) / ; HDZ 46 (Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica / Croatian Democratic Community, national-conservative) ; Zajednicka Lista (United List) composed by : HSS 16 (Hrvatska Seljaãka stranka / Croatian Peasant Party, agrarian) ; IDS 4 (Istarski Demokratski Sabor/Dieta Democratica Istriana / Istrian Democratic Assembly, regionalist centrist) ; LS 2 (Liberalna Stranka / Liberal Party, liberal) ; HNS 2 (Hrvatska Narodna Stranka / Croatian People's Party, centrist) ; ASH 1 (Akcija socijaldemokrata Hrvatske / Croatian Social Democrats' Action, social-democratic) / HSP i HKDU (HSP and HKDU) HSP 4 (Hrvatska Stranka Prava / Croatian Rights Party, xenophobic) ; HKDU 1 (Hrvatska kreãanska demokratska unija / Croatian Christian Democratic Union, christian-democratic) / ; SNS 1 (Srpska Narodna Stranka / Serbian National Party, Serb minority) ; DZMH 1 (Demokratska Zajednica Mazara Hrvatski / Hungarian Democratic Community of Croatia, Hungarian minority) ; Non-partisan representatives minorities 2 ; representatives Croatians abroad 6 WEB site - http://www.sabor.hr/ Zupanijski Dom / House of Representatives Katika Ivanisevic - President of the House of Zupanije Born : on January 11 ,1935 Education : Graduated in Philosophy form Ljubljana University. (President of the House of Zupanije since 1997) House of Representatives or the Zastupnicki Dom (68 members, 63 members elected for a four year term in three-seat constituencies and 5 appointed members) Last elections : 13 April 1997 (next to be held NA 2001) Last election results : percent of seats by party : HDZ 41 (Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica) ; HSS 9 (Hrvatska Seljaãka stranka) ; HSLS 7 (Hrvatska Socialna Liberalna Stranka) ; SDP 4 (Socialdemokratska Partija Hrvatske) ; Appointed members 5 WEB site - http://www.sabor.hr/
CYPRUS	Vouli Antiprosópon/Temsilciler Meclisi / House of Representatives Spyros Kyprianou - President of House of Representatives Born : on October 28, 1932 (President of House of Representatives since 1996) The Vouli Antiprosópon/Temsilciler Meclisi (House of Representatives) has 59 members, 56 members elected for a five year term by proportional representation and 3 members representing the Maronite, Roman-Catholic and Goumenian minorities. 24 seats are allocated to the Turkish minority. Last elections : 26 May 1996 (next to be held May 2001) Last election results : percent of seats by party : DISI 20 (Dimokratikos Sinagermos / Democratic Coalition, conservative) includes Komma Fileleftheron (Liberal Party, liberal) ; AKEL 19 (Anorthotikon Komma Ergazemenou Laou / Progressive party of the Working People, socialist) ; DIKO 10 (Dimokratikon Komma / Democratic Party, liberal) ; EDEK 5 (Socialistiko Komma Kyprou EDEK (Socialist Party of Cyprus EDEK, social-democratic) ; KED 2 (Kinima ton Eleftheron Dimokratikon (Movement of Free Democrats, liberal) ; Maronite, Roman-Catholic and Goumenian minorities 3 WEB site - No known sites
CYPRUS (North) (Kuzey Kibris Türk Cumhuriyeti)	Temsilciler Meclisi / House of Representatives awaiting - President of House of Representatives Born : (President of House of Representatives since ) Parliament : The Temsilciler Meclisi (House of Representatives) has 50 members, elected for a five year term by mitigated proportional representation. Last elections : 6 November 1998 (next to be held May 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : UBP 24 (Ulusal Birlik Partisi / Party of National Unity, conservative) ; DP 13 (Demokrat Partisi/ Democratic Party, centrist) ; TKP 7 (Toplumcu Kurtuluþ Partisi / Communal Liberation Party, social-democratic) ; CTP 6 (Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi / Republican Turkish Party, socialist) WEB site - No known sites
CZECH REPUBLIC	Parlement Âeské Republiky Senat / Senate Petr Pithart - President of the Senate Born : Party : KDU-âSL (Christian Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party) (President of the Senate since 2000) Bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (81 seats ; members elected elected for a six-year term in single-seat constituencies, in which one-third is renewed every two years) Last elections : 12 and 19 November 2000 (next to be held 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : Ctyrkoalice (Coalition of Four) 39 composed by : KDU (Krest'anská a demokratické unie- âeskoslovenská strana lidova) ; US (Unie Svobody) ; ODA (Obãanska Demokraticka Aliance) ; DEU (Demokratická unie) - ODS 22 (Obãanské Demokratická Strana) ; âSSD 15 (âeská strana sociálné demokratická) ; KSâM 3 (Komunistická Strana âech a Morava) ; Non-partisans 2 WEB site - http://www.senat.cz Poslanecká Snûmovna / Chamber of Representatives Václav Klaus - President of the Chamber of Representatives Born : on June 19, 1941, Prague (President of the Chamber of Representatives since July 17, 1998) The Poslanecká Snûmovna (Chamber of Representatives) has 200 members, elected for a four year term by proportional representation with a 5 % barrier. Last elections : 19 and 20 June 1998 (next to be held 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : âSSD 74 (âeská strana sociálné demokratická / Czech Social Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; ODS 63 (Obãanské Demokratická Strana / Civic Democratic Party, conservative) ; KSâM 24 (Komunistická Strana âech a Morava / Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, communist) ; KDU-âSL 20 (Krest'anská a demokratické unie-âeskoslovenská strana lidova / Christian and Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party, christian-democratic) ; US 19 (Unie Svobody / Freedom Union, conservative) WEB site - http://www.psp.cz/
DENMARK	Folketing / Parliament Ivar Christian Hansen - Speaker of the Folketing Born : on November 1, 1938 in Agerbæk Education : Folkeskole (primary school), Ryslinge High School 1956. Life Guards 1958 - 59. Askov High School 1959. Ladelund School of Agriculture 1961. The Liberal High School,"Breidablik", 1962. Party : V (Venstre, Danmarks Liberale parti / Left, Liberal Party of Denmark) (Speaker of the Folketing since July 17, 1998) Unicameral Parliament or Folketing (179 members, 175 members elected for a four year term (135 of them by proportional representation in 17 districts and 40 others allotted in proportion to their total vote) and each two representatives of the Faroe Islands and Greenland) Last elections : 11 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SD 63 (Socialdemokratiet i Danmark / Social Democracy in Denmark, social-democratic) ; V 42 (Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti / Left, Liberal Party of Denmark, conservative liberal) ; KF 16 (Konservative Folkeparti / Conservative People's Party, conservative) ; SF 13 (Socialistisk Folkeparti / Socialist People's Party, socialist) ; DF 13 (Dansk Folkeparti / Danish People's Party, nationalist) ; CD 8 (Centrum-Demokraterne / Centre-Democrats, conservative centrist) ; RV 7 (Radikale Venstre / Radical Left-Social Liberal Party, social-liberal) ; E 5 (Enhedslisten-de rød-grønne / Unity List-The Red Greens, extreme left) ; KrF 4 (Kristeligt Folkeparti / Christian People's Party, christian-democratic) ; FrP 4 (Fremskridtspartiet / Progress Party, populist) ; JF 1 (Javnaðarflokkurin / Equality Party, Faroe social-democratic) ; FF 1 (Fólkaflokkurin / People's Party, Faroe conservative) ; S 1 (Siumut / Forward, Greenland social-democratic) ; A 1 (Atássut / Feeling of Community, Greenland liberal) WEB site - http://www.folketinget.dk/
ESTONIA	Riigikogu / Parliament Toomas Savi - President of the Riigikogu Born : on December 30 ,1942 Tartu Party : RE (Eesti Reformierakond / Estonian Reform Party) (President of the Riigikogu since1995) Unicameral Parliament or Riigikogu (101 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 7 March 1999 (next to be held 7 March 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : K 28 (Eesti Keskerakond / Estonian Centre Party, centrist) ; I 18 (Isamaaliit / Fatherland Union, conservative) ; RE 18 (Eesti Reformierakond / Estonian Reform Party, liberal) ; M 17 (Mõõdukad / Moderates, social-democratic) ; KE 7 (Eesti Koonderakond / Estonian Coalition Party, liberal) ; EME 7 (Eesti Maarahva Erakond / Estonian Country People's Party, agrarian) ; EÜRP 6 (Eestimaa Ühendatud Rahvapartei / Estonian United People's Party, Russian minority) WEB site - http://www.riigikogu.ee/
FAROE Islands	Føroya Løgtin / Faroese Parliament Finnbogi Isakson - Speaker of Parliament Born : on February 7 ,1943, in Klaksvík Party : TF (Tjóveldisflokkurin / Party for People's Government) (Speaker of Parliament since 1998) Unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (32 seats ; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis from the seven constituencies to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 30 April 1998 (next to be held by NA July 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : TF 8 (Tjóveldisflokkurin / Party for People's Government, independentist) ; FF 8 (Fólkaflokkurin / People's Party, conservative) ; JF 7 (Javnaarflokkurin / Equality Party, social-democratic) ; SF 6 (Sambandsflokkurin / Union Party, conservative liberal) ; SSF 2 (Sjálvstýrisflokkurin / Self-Government Party, social-liberal) ; MF 1 (Miflokkurin / Centre Party, christian-conservative) WEB site - http://www.logting.fo
FINLAND	Eduskunta - Riksdagenduskunta (Dieta) Riitta Uosukainen - Speaker of the Eduskunta Born : on June 18, 1942 Education : M.A of Philosophy. (Speaker of the Eduskunta since April 20, 1999) Unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats ; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 21 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SDP 51 (Suomen Sosialidemokraatinen Puolue / Finlands Socialdemokratiska Parti / Social Democratic Party of Finland, social-democratic) ; KESK/CENT 48 (Suomen Keskusta / Centern i Finland / Finnish Centre, agrarian / liberal) ; KOK/SAML 46 (Kansallinen Kokoomus / Samlingspartiet / National Rally, conservative) ; VAS/VÄNST 20 (Vasemmistoliitto / Vänsterförbundet / Left Wing League, extreme left) ; VIHR/GRÖNA 11 (Vihreä Liitto/Gröna Förbunbet / Green League, ecologist) ; SFP/RKP 11 (Svenska Folkpartiet i Finland/Ruotsalainen Kansanpuolue / Swedish People's Party in Finland, liberal) ; SKL/FKF 10 (Suomen Kristillinen Liitto/Finlands Kristliga Förbund / Christian League of Finland, chistian-democratic) ; REM/REFO 1 (Remonttiryhmä/Refromgruppen / Reform Group) ; PS/SAF 1 (Perussuomalaiset / Sannfinländerna / True Finns, agrarian) ; Representative from Aland 1 WEB site - http://www.eduskunta.fi/
FRANCE	Parlement / Parliament Sénat / Senate M. Christian Poncelet - President of the Senate Born : on March 24, 1928 Party : RPR (Rassemblement pour la République / Rally for the Republic) (President of the Senate since October 8 , 1998) Bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Sénat (321 seats - 296 for metropolitan France, 13 for overseas departments and territories, and 12 for French nationals abroad; members are indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve nine-year terms ; elected by thirds every three years) Last elections : 27 September 1998 (next to be held September 2001) Last election results : percent of seats by party : RPR 99 (Rassemblement pour la République) ; PS 78 (Parti Socialiste) ; UC 52 (Union Centriste / Centrist Union, mainly UDF) ; RI 47 (Républicains et Indépendants / Republicans and Independents, mainly DL) ; RDES 22 (Rassemblement Démocratique et Européen Social / Democratic and European Social Rally, mainly RAD and PRG) ; CRC 16 (Communist, Républicain et Citoyen / Communist, Republican and Citizen, mainly PCF) ; Unattached 7 WEB site - http://www.senat.fr/ Assemblée Nationale / National Assembly M.Raymond Forni - President of the National Assembly Born : on May 20, 1941, Belfort Education : Bachelor of Law , in 1968. Party : PS (Parti Socialiste / Socialist Party) (President of the National Assembly since March 29, 2000) National Assembly or Assemblée Nationale (577 seats ; members are elected by popular vote under a single-member majoritarian system to serve five-year terms) Last elections : 25 May and 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA May 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PS 245 (Parti Socialiste / Socialist Party, social-democratic) ; RPR 131 (Rassemblement pour la République / Rally for the Republic, conservative) ; UDF 64 (Union pour la Dèmocratie Française / Union for the French Democracy) ; DL 41 (Démocratie Libérale / Liberal Democracy, conservative liberal) ; PCF 33 (Parti Communiste Français / French Communist Party, communist) ; Radical/Cytoien/Verts 30 (Parti Radical / Radical Party, conservative liberal ; Mouvement des Citoyens (Citizens' Movement, euro-sceptic socialist) ; les Verts / The Greens, ecologist) ) ; vacant 2 WEB site - http://www.assemblee-nat.fr/
GERMANY	Deutscher Bundestag/Federal Assembly M. Wolfgang Thierse - President of the Bundestag Born : on October 22, 1943, in Breslau Education: Since 1964 in Berlin, studies afterwards at the Humboldt University, scientific assistant within the area of culture theory/aesthetics for citizens of Berlin University until 1975. 1975 to 1976 co-worker at the Ministry of Culture of the GDR. 1977 to 1990 scientific co-worker at the Academy of Sciences of the GDR, in the Central Institute for literature history. Party : SPD (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands / Social Democratic Party of Germany) (President of the Bundestag since October 26 ,1998) Bicameral chamber (no official name for the two chambers as a whole) consists of the Federal Assembly or Bundestag (669 members, elected for a four year term, 328 members elected in single-seat constituencies and 328 members allotted to realize a proportion to their total vote and extra seats because of this compensation) Last elections : 27 September 1998 (next to be held by the fall of 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SPD 298 (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands / Social Democratic Party of Germany, social-democratic) ; CDU 198 (Christlich-Demokratische Union / Christian-Democratic Union, conservative christian-democratic) ; CSU 47 (Christlich Soziale Union in Bayern / Christian Social Union in Bavaria, regional conservative) ; Grünen 47 (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen / Alliance 90/The Greens, ecologist) ; FDP 43 (Freie Demokratische Partei / Free Democratic Party, liberal) ; PDS 36 (Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus / Party of Democratic Socialism, extreme left) WEB site - http://www.bundestag.de/ Bundesrat / Federal Council Kurt Beck - President of the Bundesrat Born : 5 February 1949 in bath Bergzabern Education : 1955/63 elementary school. 1963/68 formation as the electromecanician of the field electronics. 1969/72 real graduation on the second bildungsweg. Party : SPD (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands / Social Democratic Party of Germany) (President of the Bundesrat since from 1 November 2000 to of 31 October 2001) Federal Council or Bundesrat (69 votes ; state governments are directly represented by votes ; each has 3 to 6 votes depending on population and are required to vote as a block) WEB site - http://www.bundesrat.de/
GIBRALTAR	House of Assembly Peter Richard Caruana - Speaker of Parliament Born : in Gibraltar on October 15, 1956 Education : Educated at Christian Brothers School Grace Dieu House, Leicester Queen Mary College, University of London Council Legal Education, London. Party : GSD (Gibraltar Social Democrats) (Speaker of Parliament since 2000) Unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected, on for the Speaker, and two ex officio ; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 10 February 2000 (next to be held 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : GDS 8 (Gibraltar Social Democrats, conservative) ; GSLP 5 (Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party, socialist) ; LIB 2 (Liberal Party, liberal) ; Ex-officio members 2 WEB site - No known sites
GREECE	Vouli ton Ellinon / Greek Parliament Apostolos Kaklamanis - Speaker of the Greek Chamber of Deputies Born : in Karia, on the island of Lefkada, in 1936 Education : Studied law at the University of Athens. Party : PASOK (Panellino Socialistiko Kinima / Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement) (Speaker of the Greek Chamber of Deputies since 1993 and re-elected in 1996. In April 2000 re-elected for a third consecutive term) Unicameral Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats ; members, elected for a four year term by a system of reinforced proportional representation in 51 multi-seat constituencies and 5 single-seat constituencies) Last elections : 9 April 2000 (next to be held by 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PASOK 158 (Panellino Socialistiko Kinima / Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement, socialist) ; ND 125 (Nea Dimokratia / New Democracy, conservative) ; KKE 11 (Kommounistiko Komma Ellados / Communist Party of Greece, communist) ; SIN 6 (Sinaspismos tis Aristeras ke ti Proodu / Coalition of the Left and Progress, socialist) WEB site - http://www.parliament.gr/
GUERNESEY	Assembly of the States awaiting Mr.Anthony P. Wills - Speaker of the Assembly Born : on July 25, 1946 Education : Qualified at Lanchester College (now Coventry University) in Business Studies, with a specialization in Finance & Accounting. He studied for his Masters Degree at the London Graduate School of Business Studies, Faculty of Economics (Speaker of the Assembly since 2000) Unicameral Assembly The Guernsey States of Deliberation have 47 members, including the the Bailiff and the Deputy Bailiff, 45 members elected for a four year term in six multi-seat and four single-seat constituencies (23 april 1997), 10 representatives of parish authorities and 2 representatives of the States of Alderney. Last elections : 12 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2006) Note : No parties exist in Guernsey. WEB site - http://www.gov.gg/
HUNGARY	Országgyülés János Áder - Speaker of the National Assembly Born : (Speaker of the National Assembly since 1998) Unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (386 members, elected for a four year term, 176 members in single-seat constituencies, 152 by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies and 58 members elected to realize proportional representation.) Last elections : 10 May and 24 May 1998 (next to be held May/June 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : MSzP 134 (Magyar Szocialista Párt / Hungarian Socialist Party, socialist) ; FIDESz 148 (Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége / Alliance of Young Democrats, conservative liberal) ; FKgP 48 (Független Kisgazda, Földmunkas és Polgári Párt / Independent Party of Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Citizens, agrarian conservative) ; SzDSz 24 (Szabad Demokraták Szövetsége / Alliance of Free Democrats, liberal) ; MIEP 14 (Magyar Igazság és Elet Pártja / Hungarian Justice and Life Party, nationalist) ; MDF 17 (Magyar Demokrata Fórum / Hungarian Democratic Forum, conservative/christian-democratic) WEB site - http://www.mkogy.hu/
ICELAND	Althing/Great Diet Haldór Blöndal - President of the Althing Born : in Reykjavík, 24 August 1938 (President of the Althing since May 28, 1999) Unicameral Parliament or Althing (63 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 8 May 1999 (next to be held by April 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SSF 26 (Sjálfstæisflokkurinn / Independence Party, conservative) ; SF 17 (Samfylkingin / Alliance composed by : Alþubandalagi / People's Alliance, socialist ; Alþuflokkurinn / People's Party, social-democratic and Samtök um Kvennalista / Alliance of the Womens List, feminist) ; FSF 12 (Framsóknarflokkurinn / Progressive Party, liberal) ; VG 6 (Vinstrihreyfing - Grænt frambo / Left-Green Alliance, green) ; FF 2 (Frjáslyndi Flokkurin / Liberal Party) WEB site - http://www.althingi.is/wwwadm/Welcome.html
IRELAND	Oireachtas - Parliament Seanad Eireann - Senate Brian Mullooly - Chairman of the Senate (An Cathaoirleach) Born : in February, 1935 Education : Summerhill College, Sligo- St. Patrick's Training College, Dublin. (Chairman of the Senate since September 17, 1997) Bicameral Parliament or Oireachtas consists of the Senate or Seanad Eireann (60 seats - 49 elected by the universities and from candidates put forward by five vocational panels, 11 are nominated by the prime minister ; members serve five-year terms) Last elections : 6 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : FF 29 (Fianna Fáil / 'Soldiers of Destiny') ; FG 17 (Fine Gael / 'Family of the Irish') ; Lab 3 (Labour Party / Páirti Lucht Oibre) ; PD 4 (Progressive Democrats / Dan Pairtí Daonlathach) ; Non-partisan 7 WEB site - http://www.irlgov.ie/oireachtas/frame.htm Dail Eireann - House of Representatives Séamus Pattison - Speaker of Dail Eireann (An Ceann Comhairle) Born : on April 19, 1936 Education : St. Kieran's College, Kilkenny ; UCD extra mural diploma (Hons) in Social and Economic Science. (Speaker of Dail Eireann since June 26, 1997) House of Representatives or Dail Eireann (166 seats ; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve five-year terms) Last elections : 6 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : FF 77 (Fianna Fáil /'Soldiers of Destiny', conservative populist) ; FG 54 (Fine Gael /'Family of the Irish', christian-democratic) ; Lab 17 (Labour Party / Páirti Lucht Oibre, social-democratic) ; PD 4 (Progressive Democrats / Dan Pairtí Daonlathach, liberal) ; DL 4 (Democratic Left / Daonlathas Clé, socialist) ; CG 2 (Comhaontas Glas / Green Alliance, ecologist) ; SF 1 (Sinn Fein / 'We Ourselves', irredentist extreme left) ; SP 1 (Socialist Party, extreme left, trotskyite) ; IFF 1 (Independent Fianna Fáil) ; Non-partisans 5 Note : Lab and DL : DL merged into the Labour Party. WEB site - http://www.irlgov.ie/oireachtas/frame.htm
ITALY	Il Parlamento / The Parliament Senato della Repubblica / Senate of the Republic Marcello Pera - President of the Senate Born :  il 28 gennaio 1943 a Lucca (Lucca) Education/Profession : Laureato in filosofia, è stato professore ordinario di filosofia teoretica all'Università di Catania e di filosofia della scienza all'Università di Pisa. Ha svolto attività di studi e ricerca in vari istituti stranieri, dall'Università di Pittsburgh alla Van Leer Foundation di Gerusalemme, dal MIT di Cambridge (Usa) alla London School of Economics. E' stato ispettore per le materie filosofiche nei licei del Canton Ticino. Party : Forza Italia / Italian Force Political career : Nel 1992 si è presentato alle elezioni politiche per la Lista "Sì Referendum" di Massimo Severo Giannini. Nel 1995 ha dato vita, con altri intellettuali di area liberale, alla Convenzione per la Riforma Liberale. Nel 1996 è stato eletto, per le liste del movimento di Forza Italia, senatore nel collegio Toscana 9 (Lucca). Vicepresidente del gruppo dei senatori di Forza Italia, dapprima è stato membro della Commissione Istruzione, poi della Commissione bicamerale per le riforme istituzionali, quindi della Commissione Giustizia. Dal 1998 è anche membro del Comitato di presidenza di Forza Italia e responsabile giustizia del movimento azzurro. Ha presentato 10 disegni di legge come primo firmatario, tra cui la riforma costituzionale, poi approvata, del "giusto processo", 46 disegni di legge come co-firmatario, 91 interrogazioni ed interpellanze. (President of the Senate since May 31, 2001) Bicameral Parliament or Parlamento consists of the Senate or Senato della Repubblica (326 seats - 315 elected by popular vote of which 232 are directly elected and 83 are elected by regional proportional representation, 11 are appointed senators-for-life ; members serve five-year terms) Last elections : April 2001 Last election results : percent of seats by party : Forza Italia 82 ; Democratici di Sinistra - l'Ulivo 65 ; AN 45 (Alleanza Nazionale) ; Margherita - Democrazia è libertà -L'Ulivo 43 ; CCD-CDU: Biancofiore 29 ; Lega Nord Padania 17 ; Per le Autonomie 10 ; Verdi - l'Ulivo 10 ; Misto 23 WEB site - http://www.senato.it/senato.htm Camara dei Deputati / Chamber of Deputies Pier Ferdinando Casini - President of the Chamber of Deputies Born : a Bologna il 3 dicembre 1955. Education/Profession : Laureato in Giurisprudenza. Party : DC (Democratici Cristiani) Political career : Deputato dal 1983, eletto nelle liste della Democrazia Cristiana e successivamente riconfermato nelle elezioni del 1987, del 1992, del 1994, del 1996 e del 2001. E' stato Presidente dei giovani Democratici Cristiani e membro della Direzione Nazionale della DC dal 1987, dirigente del dipartimento studi, propaganda e stampa dello scudocrociato. Nel gennaio del 1993, allo scioglimento della DC, fonda un nuovo movimento per rappresentare i cristiani democratici nell'area di centro-destra : il Centro Cristiano Democratico, del quale è stato Segretario e poi Presidente. Eletto per la prima volta nel 1994 al Parlamento Europeo è stato riconfermato nel 1999 e siede nel gruppo del Partito Popolare Europeo. Nell'ottobre del 2000 è stato eletto Vice Presidente della Internazionale Democratici Cristiani (IDC). Il 31 maggio 2001 è stato eletto Presidente della Camera dei Deputati. (President of the Chamber of Deputies since May 31, 2001) Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati (630 seats ; 475 are directly elected, 155 by regional proportional representation ; members serve five-year terms) Last elections : April 2001 Last election results : percent of seats by party : CASA DELLE LIBERTA'; 282 L'ULIVO 184 ; L'ULIVO-SVP 8 ; Altri 1 WEB site - http://www.parlamento.it/
LATVIA	Saeima / Diet Janis Straume - Speaker of the Saeima Born : in 1962 Education : Riga Medical Institute, Department of Medicine (1986), physician ; Sigulda Secondary School No. 1 (1980). (Speaker of the Saeima since January 26, 1996) Unicameral Parliament or Saeima (100 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms - amended from three-year term on 4 December 1997) Last elections : 3 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : TP 24 (Tautas partija / People's Party, conservative reformist) ; LC 21 (Savienîba "Latvijas ceï" / Union Latvia's Way, liberal) ; TSP 16 (Tautas Saskaòas Partija / Popular Concord Party, progressive centrist) ; TB/LNNK 17 (Apvienîba "Tçvzemei un Brîvîbai" / LNNK /Alliance Fatherland and Freedom-LNNK, national conservative) ; LSDA 14 (Latvijas Sociâldemokrâtu apvienîba / Latvian Social Democratic Union, social-democratic) ; JP 8 (Jaunâ partija / New Party, centrist) WEB site - http://www.saeima.lv/
LIECHTENSTEIN	Diet or Landtag / Diet Peter Wolff - Chairman of the Diet Born : on May 10, 1946 (Chairman of the Diet since 1997) Unicameral Diet or Landtag (25 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote under proportional representation to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 9 and 11 february 2001 (next to be held by NA 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : FBPL 13 Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein / Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein, conservative) ; VU 11 (Vaterländische Union / Patriotic Union, conservative) ; FL 1 (Freie Liste / Free List, ecologist) WEB site - No known sites
LITHUANIA	Lietuvos Respublikos Seimas / Diet Artûras Paulaskas - Chairman of the Seimas Born : August 23, 1953 Education/Profession : 1976 Graduate of Vilnius University Law School. 1997-2000 Private legal practice. 1995-1997 Deputy Prosecutor General of the Republic of Lithuania. 1990-1995 Prosecutor General of the Republic of Lithuania. 1987-1990 Deputy Prosecutor General of the Republic of Lithuania. 1979-1987 Varëna District Prosecutor. 1976-1979 Kaisiadorys District Investigator Party : (Naujosios demokratijos partija / New Democratic Party) Political Career : 1997 Independent candidate for President of Lithuania. 1998-2000 Founder and Chairman of the New Alliance (Social Liberal) party. (Chairman of the Seimas since on October 19, 2000 ) Unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats, 71 members are directly elected by popular vote, 70 are elected by proportional representation ; members serve four-year terms) Last elections : 8 october 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : 51 (A.Brazausko socialdemokratinë koalicija / A. Brazauskas Social Democratic Coalition - composed by : LDDP - Lietuvos demokratinë darbo partija / Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania, socialist ; LSDP - Lietuvos socialdemokratø partija / Lithuanian Social-Democratic Party, social-democratic ; NDP - Naujosios demokratijos partija / New Democratic Party and LRS - Lietuvos rusø sàjunga / Lithuanian Russian Union, minority) ; LLS 34 (Lietuvos liberalø sàjunga / Lithuanian Liberal Union, liberal) ; NS 29 (Naujoji sàjunga 'socialliberalai' / New Unio'social-liberals', liberal) ; TS-LK 9 (Tëvynës sàjunga - Lietuvos konservatoriai / Homeland Union -Conservatives of Lithuania, conservative) ; LVP 4 (Lietuvos valstieèiø partija / Lithuanian Peasant Party, agrarian) ; LKDP 2 (Lietuvos krikèioniø demokratø partija / Lithuanian Christian-Democratic Party, christian-democratic) ; LCS 2 (Lietuvos centro sàjunga / Centre Union of Lithuania, liberal) ; LLRA 2 (Lietuvos lenkø rinkimø akcija / Election Action of Lithuania's Poles, minority) ; KDS 1 (Krikèioniø demokratø sàjunga / Christian-Democratic Union, christian-democratic) ; NKS 1 (Nuosaikiøjø konservatoriø sàjunga / Moderate Conservatove Union) ; LLS 1 (Lietuvos laisvës sàjunga / Lithuanian Freedom Union) ; JL/NT/PKS 1 ("Jaunosios Lietuvos", naujøjø tautininkø ir politiniø kaliniø sàjunga) ; MKDS 1 (Moderniøjø krikèioniø demokratø sàjunga / Modern Christian-Democratic Union) ; Non-partisans 3 WEB site - http://www.lrs.lt/
LUXEMBOURG	Chambre des Députés/House of Deputies Jean Spautz - President of the House of Deputies Born : on September 9, 1930 in Schifflange Party : CSV (Chrëschtlich Sozial Vollekspartei / Christian Social People's Party) Political Career : Member of the House of Deputies from 5 of March 1959 to 2 of March 1980. (President of the House of Deputies since January 31, 1995) Unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) Last election : 13 June 1999 (next to be held by 13 June 2005) Last election results : percent of seats by party : CSV 19 (Chrëschtlich Sozial Vollekspartei / Christian Social People's Party, christian-democratic) ; DP 15 (Demokratesch Partei / Democratic Party, liberal) ; LSAP 13 (Lëtzebuergesch Sozialistesch Arbechterpartei / Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, social-democratic) ; ADR 7 (Aktiounskomitee fir Demokratie an Rentengerechtigkeet / Action Comity for Democracy and Pensions Justice, pensioners' party) ; Déi Gréng 5 (Déi Gréng / The Green, ecologist) ; DL 1 (Déi Lénk-La Gauche / The Left, socialist) WEB site - http://www.chd.lu/
MACEDONIA	Sobranje / Assembly Dr. Andov Stojan - President of the Assembly of the Republic Born : in 1935 in Kavadarci, Republic of Macedonia Education/Profession : Graduated at the Faculty of Economics in Skopje, and received his masters degree at Belgrade University. Party : LDP (Liberalna Partija na Makedonije / Liberal Party of Macedonia, liberal) Political Career : Ambassador of former Yugoslavia in Iraq (1987-1991). At the first multi-party elections in 1990, he was elected for a Representative to the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia, and became President of the Assembly in January 1991. Founder of the Liberal Party of Macedonia, and led the LPM as its Leader up to the merger with the former DP in 1997. Elected for a Representative to the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia on the last elections (1998) as well. (President of the Assembly of the Republic since November 30th 2000) Unicameral Assembly or Sobranje (120 seats - 85 members are elected by popular vote ; 35 members come from lists of candidates submitted by parties based on the percentage that parties gain from the overall vote ; all serve four-year terms) Last elections : 18 October and 1 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : VMRO-DMPNE and DA 59 (Vnatresno-Makedonska Revolucionerna Organizacija-Demokratska Partija za Makedonsko Nacionalno Edintsvo / Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization-Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity, conservative) and (Demokratska Alternativa / Democratic Alternative, personalist) ; SDSM 29 (Socijaldemokratski Sojuz na Makedonija / Social Democratic League of Macedonia, social-democratic) ; PDP 14 (Partija za Demokratski Prosperitet / Democratic Prosperity Party, Albanian minority) ; PDS 11 (Partia Demokratike Shqiptare/Demokratska Partija na Albancite / Democratic Party of Albanians, Albanian minority) ; LDP 4 (Liberalno-Demokratska Partija / Liberal-Democratic Party, liberal) ; SPM 2 (Socijalistiska Partija na Makedonija / Socialist Party of Macedonia, extreme left) ; SRM 1 (Sojuz na Romite od Makedonija / Union of Roma in Macedonia, Roma minority) WEB site - http://www.assembly.gov.mk/sobranie/
MALTA	Il-Kamra Tad-Deputati - House of Representatives Anton Tabone - Speaker of the House of Representatives Born : on the island of Gozo, Malta in 1937 Education/Profession : Received his education at the Gozo Seminary and St Aloysius College in B'Kara, Malta. Between 1955 and 1966 he was employed with the National Bank of Malta, now the Bank of Valletta. Political Career : Elected Member of the Gozo Civic Council from 1966 to 1973 representing the locality of Fontana. Successfully contested all national elections in the interests of the Nationalist Party since 1966 to 1996, representing the Gozo District in Parliament, and was the longest serving Member of Parliament from the island of Gozo. For fourteen years he was the Party spokesman, first on Agriculture and Fisheries and then for Gozo Affairs. He was again the Shadow Minister for Gozo Affairs from 1996 to 1998. In May 1987, Mr Tabone was appointed the first ever national Cabinet Minister with portfolio responsibilities for the island of Gozo, a post he held up to October 1996. (Speaker of the House of Representatives since 24th October 1998) Unicameral House of Representatives (usually 65 members, elected for a five year term in 13 multi-seat constituencies with a possibility of rewarding bonus members for the popular largest party which doesn't succeed in getting absolute mayority in parliament.) Last elections : 5 September 1998 (next to be held by September 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PN 35 (Partit Nazzjonalista / Nationalist Party, conservative) ; MLP 30 (Partit Laburista / Malta Labour Party, social-democratic) WEB site - http://parliament.magnet.mt/
MAN, Isle of The Parliamentary Flag	High Court of Tynwald Legislative Council Hon Noel Quayle Cringle - President of the Legislative Council Born : (President of the Legislative Council since 2000) Bicameral Tynwald consists of the Legislative Council (a 10-member body composed of the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man, a nonvoting attorney general, and 8 others named by the House of Keys) WEB site - No known sites House of Keys Hon James Anthony Brown - Speaker of the House of Keys Born : (Speaker of the House of Keys since 2000) House of Keys (24 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) Last elections 21 November 1996 WEB site - http://www.tynwald.isle-of-man.org.im/
MOLDOVA	Parlamentul / Parliament Dumitru Diacov - Chairmen of Parliament Born : on February 10, 1952, in the village of Udarnik, Kurgan region Education/Profession : Graduated from the college of Journalism from the Bielarus State University (Minsk).Worked as editor, then editor-in-chief of the State Committee for Television and Broadcasting of the MSSR. During 1977-1984 activated within the field of the youth organisations. In September 1984 was hired by the "Konsomolskaia Pravda" news paper as a correspondent, then was transferred to TASS Agency in April 1989. Since September 1989 he was the Chief of the TASS Agency Bureau in Romania. Party : Democratic Party of Moldova Political Career : In July 1993 was confirmed as advisor, Chief of the Political Department at the Embassy of the Republic of Moldova in the Russian Federation. In February 1994 was a member of parliament in the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova in the thirteenth legislation. During 1944-1995 worked as Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee for Foreign Policy, Chief of the Parliamentary Delegation at the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. During 1995-1997 held the position of the Vice-chairman of the Parliament. In February 1997 became the leader of the social political Movement "For a Democratic and Prosperous Moldova". On March 22, 1998 was a MP in the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova in the fourteenths legislation. On April 23, 1998 Dumitru Diacov was elected the Chairmen of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova. (Chairmen of Parliament since March 22 ,1998) Unicameral Parliament or Parlamentul (101 seats ; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last election : 25 February 2001 (next to be held spring 2005) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PCMR 71 (Partidul Comunitilor din Republica Moldova / Party of the Communists of the Republic of Moldova, communist) ; BEAB 19 (Blocul Electoral "Alianœa Braghi†" / Electoral Bloc Braghis Alliance, centrist) ; PPCD 11 (Partidul Popular Cre†tin Democrat / Christian-Democratic People's Party, conservative) WEB site - http://www.parlament.md/
MONACO	Conseil National /National Council awaiting Jean-Louis Campora - Speaker of the National Council Born : (Speaker of the National Council since 1998) Unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) Last election : 1 February and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : UND 18 (Union Nationale et Démocratique / National and Democratic Union) WEB site - No known sites
NETHERLANDS	Staten Generaal / States-General Eerste Kamer / First Chamber Frederik (Frits) Korthals Altes - Voorzitter (Speaker 1st Chamber of the SG) Born : on 15 May, 1931 in Amsterdam Education/Profession : Gymnasium (openbaar) Barlaeus-Gymnasium te Amsterdam van sep 1943 tot juli 1947 ; Gymnasium-a (openbaar) Murmellius-Gymnasium te Alkmaar van sep 1947 tot 27 juni 1950 ; Rechten Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, van 1 okt 1950 tot 3 okt 1951 ; Rechten Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, van 1 okt 1953 tot 20 dec 1957. (Voorzitter (Speaker 1st Chamber of the SG) since 11 March 1997) Bicameral States General or Staten Generaal consists of the First Chamber or Eerste Kamer (75 seats; members indirectly elected by the country's 12 provincial councils for four-year terms) Last elections : 29 May 1999 (next to be held May 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : CDA 20 (Christen Democratisch Appèl /Christian-Democrats'Appeal) ; VVD 19 (Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie / Parti du People's party for Freedom and Democracy) ; PvdA 15 (Partij van de Arbeid / Labour Party) ; GL 8 (Green Links) ; D66 4 (Democraten 66 / Democrats 66) ; RPF 2 (Reformatorische Politieke Federatie / Political Reform Federation) ; GPV 2 (Gereformeerd Politiek Verbond / Reformed Political League ) ; SP 2 (Socialistische Partij / Socialist Party) ; SGP 2 (Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij /Reformed Political Party) ; OSF 1 (Onafhankelijke Senaatsfractie / Independent Group in the Senate) WEB site - http://www.eerstekamer.nl/ Tweede Kamer / Second Chamber Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven - Voorzitter (Speaker of the 2nd Chamber of the SG) Born : in Weststellingwerf, 2 August 1943 Education/Profession : Librarian in Openbare library, with 1960 until 1965. Library Service within Friesland, with 1965until 1966. Party : PvdA (Partij van de Arbeid / Labour Party) (Voorzitter (Speaker of the 2nd Chamber of the SG) since 20 May 1998) Second Chamber or Tweede Kamer (150 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 6 May 1998 (next to be held May 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PvdA 45 (Partij van de Arbeid / Labour Party, social-democratic) ; VVD 38 (Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie / People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, conservative liberal) ; CDA 29 (Christen Democratisch Appèl / Christian-Democratic Appeal, christian-democratic) ; D66 14 (Democraten 66 / Democrats 66, social-liberal) ; GL 11 (Groen Links / Green Left, ecologist and socialist) ; SP 5 (Socialistische Partij / Socialist Party, extreme left) ; RPF 3 (Reformatorische Politieke Federatie / Reformatorian Political Federation, christian-social conservative) ; SGP 3 (Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij / Political Reformed Party, christian) ; GPV 2 (Gereformeerd Politiek Verbond / Reformed Political League, christian-social conservative) WEB site - http://www.parlement.nl/
NORWAY	Stortinget Kirsti Kolle Grøndahl - President of the Storting Born : on September 1, 1943- Oslo Education/Profession : Ex.art. 1962. Cand.mag. (mathematics, botanics, zoology and Chemistry), Osmo University 1966. Ped. sem. 1967. (President of the Storting since October 17, 1997) Modified unicameral Parliament or Stortinget which, for certain purposes, divides itself into two chambers (165 seats ; members, elected for a four year term (during which it may not be dissolved) by the proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies. The Storting is for legislative cases divided in the Lagting (41 members) and the Odelsting (124 members) Last elections : 10 september 2001 (next to be held NA September 2005) Last election results : percent of seats by party : DNA 43 (Det Norske Arbeiderparti / Norwegian Labour Party, social-democratic) ; H 38 (Høyre / Right, conservative) ; FrP 26 (Fremskrittspartiet / Progress Party, populist) ; SV 23 (Sosialistisk Venstreparti / Socialist Left Party, extreme left) ; KrF 22 (Kristelig Folkeparti / Christian People's Party, christian-democratic) ; Sp 10 (Senterparti / Centre Party, centrist, mainly agrarian) ; V 2 (Venstre / Left, liberal) ; KP 1 (Kystpartiet / Coastal Party, fishermens' party) WEB site - http://www.stortinget.no/
POLAND	Zgromadzenie Narodowe Sejm / Diet Maciej Plazinski - Marshall of the Sejm Born : on February 10, 1958, in Muynary (now Elblàg province) Education/Profession : Graduated from the Faculty of Law and Administration of Gdansk University. Party : AWS (Akcja Wyborcza Solidarnosc / Solidarity Electoral Action) Political career : In 1988, he elected president of the conservative political club "The Lech Bàdkowski Political Thought Club", which grouped the conservative and liberal circles of Gdansk, subsequently co-founder of the Gdansk-based Liberal Congress. In 1990, member of the conservative-liberal grouping Republican Coalition, which was later on transformed into the Conservative Party. On 3 August 1990, as a "Solidarity" candidate, he was appointed the voivode (governor) of the Gdansk province by Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki. He was recalled from this post by Prime Minister Cimoszewicz on 9 July 1996. In October 1996, he was elected deputy chairman of the Solidarity Electoral Action in the Gdansk region. On 20 October 1997, he was elected Marshal of the Sejm of the 3rd Term. (Marshall of the Sejm since October 20, 1997) Bicameral National Assembly or Zgromadzenie Narodowe consists of the Sejm (460 seats ; elected for a four year term, 391 members elected by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies and 69 seats in a national constituency by proportional representation among parties obtaining more than 7 % of the popular vote) Last elections : 23 september 2001 (next to be held by NA September 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SLD 219 (Koalicija Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej i Unii Pracy / Coalition of the Alliance of Democratic Left and the Union of Labour) ; PD 63 (Platforma Obywatelska / Citizens' Platform, centrist) ; S 53 (Samoobrona / Self Defence, agrarian conservative) ; PiS 47 (Prawo i Sprawieliwosc / Law and Justice, anti-corruption) ; PSL 42 (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe / Polish People's Party, agrarian) ; LPR 34 (Liga Polskich Rodzin / League of Polish Families, nationalist) ; MN 1 (Towarzystwo Spoleczno-Kulturalne Niemców na Slasku Opolskim / German Social And Cultural Society Opole Silesia, minority) WEB site - http://www.sejm.gov.pl/ Senat / Senate Alicja Grzekowiak - Marshal of the Senate Born : in 1941, in Âwirz (then Lwów Voivodship) Education/Profession : Graduated from the Faculty of Law at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. In 1969 she qualified as a judge; in 1971-received a Doctorate in Law, and in 1978-she passed her qualifying examination for title of Assistant Professor in Criminal Law. From 1966 to 1996 she worked at the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Law and Administration, from 1990 as an Associate Professor. Party : AWS (Akcja Wyborcza Solidarnosc / Solidarity Electoral Action) Political career : From 1989 to 1997 she was a member of Polish delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. From 1992 to 1997 she was Deputy Chairwoman of the Group of Christian Democrats (PPE) at the Assembly. Senator from the former Torun´ Voivodship. Candidate of the Electoral Committee of the Solidarity Election Action. Senator to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd term Senates of the Republic of Poland. Deputy Speaker to the 2nd term Senate of the Republic of Poland. (Marshal of the Senate since October 20, 1997) Senate or Senat (100 seats ; members elected for a four year term in 47 two-seats constituencies and two three-seat constituencies) Last elections : 23 september 2001 (next to be held by NA September 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SLD 68 (Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej / Alliance of Democratic Left) ; Senat 2001 16 (Blok Senat 2001 / Blok Senate 2001- composed by : Platforma Obywatelska, Prawo i Sprawieliwosc, Koalicja Akcja Wyborcza Solidarnosc Prawicy and Unia Wolnósci) ; PSL 7 (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe / Polish People's Party) ; S 3 (Samoobrona / Self Defence, agrarian conservative) ; LPR 2 (Liga Polskich Rodzin / League of Polish Families, nationalist) ; Non-partisans 4. WEB site - http://www.senat.gov.pl/
PORTUGAL	Assembleia da República / Assembly of the Republic António de Almeida Santos - Speaker of the Assembly of the Republic Born : 15 February 1926 Education/Profession : Licenciatura em Direito. Advogado. Jurista. Party : PS (Partido Socialista / Socialist Party) Political career : Deputado à Assembleia da República nas I,II,III,IV,V,VI e VII Legislaturas. Ministro da Coordenação Interterritorial. Ministro da Comunicação Social. Ministro da Justiça. Ministro Adjunto do 1.º Ministro. Ministro de Estado e dos Assuntos Parlamentares. Presidente da Assembleia da República. Presidente do Partido Socialista. Membro do Conselho de Estado. (Speaker of the Assembly of the Republic since 1995) Unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 1 October 1999 (next to be held by 1 October 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PS 115 (Partido Socialista / Socialist Party, social-democratic) ; PSD 81 (Partido Social Democrata / Social Democrat Party, moderate conservative) ; PCP 15 (Partido Comunista Português / Portuguese Communist Party, communist) ; PP 15 (Partido Popular / People's Party, conservative) ; OV 2 (Partido Ecologista Os Verdes / Ecologist Party The Greens, ecologist) ; BE 2 (Bloco do Esquerda / Blok of the Left) WEB site - http://www.parlamento.pt/
ROMANIA Cemera Deputatilor	Parlamentul Romaniei / Romanian Parliament Senatul / Senate Nicolae Vacaroiu - President of the Senate Born : on 5 of December 1943, Bolgrad - Basarabia - Romenia Education/Profession : Academy of Economic Study in Bucharest. Faculty of Finance. Economist Party : PDSR (Parti for Social Democracy od Romenia) Political career : Member of the Central Executive bureau of the PDSR. Premier (1993-1996). Deputy chairman of the PDSR parliamentary group , until March 2000. Vice chairman of th Senate Standing Bureau until November 2000. Chairman of the Standing Bureau of the Senate since December 2000. (President of the Senate since 26 November 2000) Bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (143 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 26 November 2000 (next to be held NA 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PDSR 60 (Partidul Democratiei Sociale din România / Democratic Social Party of Romania) ; PRM 37 (Partidul România Mare / Party of Great Romania) ; PD 13 (Partidul Democrat / Democratic Party) ; PNL 13 (Partidul National Liberal / National Liberal Party) ; UDMR 12 (Uniunea Democratica Maghiara din România / Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetseg / Hungarian Democratic Alliance of Romania) ; PUR 4 (Partidul Umanist din România / Humanist Party of Romania) ; PSDR 1 (Partidul Democratiei Sociale din România /Democratic Social Party of Romania) WEB site - http://www.senat.ro/ Camera Deputatilor / House of Deputies Valer Dorneanu - President of the House of Deputies Born : November 21, 1944 Education/Profession : Faculty of Law from Bucharest University. Post- graduation from Bucharest University specialization in Civil and Municipal Law -. 1974-1980 - expert on issues regarding the municipal legislation , General Union of the Trade Unions in Romenia. 1985-1989 - advisor to the Legislative Council. Party : PDSR (Partidul Democratiei Sociale din România / Social Democracy Party of Romania) Political career : 1967-1974 - Attorney general in Bucharest. 1980-1985 - attorney-prosecutor to the Chamber of Civilian Recourses. 20 oct.1995 - 27 oct.2000 - president of the Legislative Council. 26 nov.2000 - MP in Iasi constituency. 15 dec.2000 - President of the House of Deputies. (President of the Chamber of Deputies since 15 December 2000) Chamber of Deputies or Adunarea Deputatilor (346 members, elected for a four year term, 327 members by proportional representation and 19 members representing ethnic minorities) Last elections : 3 November 1996 (next to be held NA 2000) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PDSR 155 (Polul Democrat-Social din România (Democratic Social Pole of Romania) - composed by : PDSR 142 (Partidul Democratiei Sociale din România /Democratic Social Party of Romania, authoritharian extreme left) ; PSDR 7 (Partidul Social Democrat Român (Romanian Social Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; PUR 6 (Partidul Umanist din România / Humanist Party of Romania) ; PRM 84 (Partidul România Mare / Party of Great Romania, xenophobic) ; PD 31 (Partidul Democrat / Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; PNL 30 (Partidul National Liberal / National Liberal Party, liberal) ; UDMR 27 (Uniunea Democratica Maghiara din România / Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetseg / Hungarian Democratic Alliance of Romania, Hungarian minority) ; PR 1 (Partida Romilor / Roma Party) ; FDGR 1 (Forumul Democrat al Germanilor din România / German Democratic Forum of Romania) ; UAR 1 (Uniunea Armenilor din România / Armenian Union of Romania) ; CIR 1 (Comunitatea Italiana din România / Italian Community of Romania) ; UBD 1 (Uniunea Bulgara din Banat - România / Bulgarian Union of the Banate-Romania) ; UER 1 (Uniunea Elena din România / Greek Union of Romania) ; FCER 1 (Federatia Comunitatilor Evreiesti din România /Federation of the Jewish Community of Romania) ; CRLR 1 (Comunitatea Rusilor Lipoveni din România /Lipovener Russian Community of Romania) ; UCR 1 (Uniunea Croatilor din România / Croatian Union of Romania) ; LAR 1 (Liga Albanezilor din România / Albanians' League of Romania) ; UDTTMR 1 (Uniunea Democrata a Tatarilor Turco-Musulmani din România / Democratic Union of Tatar Turkish-Muslims of Romania) ; UUR 1 (Uniunea Ucrainienilor din România / Ukrainian Union of Romania) ; AMSR 1 (Asociat¸ia Macedonenilor Slavi din România / Slave Macedonian Association of Romania) ; USR 1 (Uniunea Sarbilor din România / Serbian Union of Romania) ; UCRR 1 (Uniunea Culturala a Rutenilor din România / Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania) ; UDTR 1 (Uniunea Democrata Turca din România / Turkish Democratic Union of Romania) ; UDSCR 1 (Uniunea Democratica a Slovacilor si Cehilor din România / Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania) ; UPR 1 (Uniunea Polonezilor din România / Polish Union of Romania) ; UGAEHR 1 (Uniunea Generala a Asociat¸iilor Etniei Hutule din România / General Union of Ethnic Associations of Romania) WEB site - http://www.cdep.ro/
RUSSIAN FEDERATION	Federalnoye Sobraniye / Federal Assembly Soviet Federatsii / Federation Council Yegor S. Stroyev - Chairman of the Council of the Federation Born : (Chairman of the Council of the Federation since ) Bicameral Federal Assembly or Federal'noye Sobraniye consists of the Federation Council or Sovet Federatsii (178 seats, 2 delegates for each region) Last election : not applicable WEB site - http://www.council.gov.ru/ Gosudarstvennaya Duma / State Duma awaiting Guennadi Nikolayevich Seleznev - Chairman of the State Duma Born : on November 6, 1947 in Serov, Sverdlovsk Region Education/Profession : 1974 -Graduated from the Leningrad State University's journalism department. Began his working career as a turner at an enterprise in Leningrad. 1966-1968 - Served in the army. 1968-1974 - secretary of the YCL Committee of a technical secondary school, instructor, department head of the district YCL Committee,instructor, deputy-head of a department of the YCL Regional Committee, Leningrad Region. 1974-1980 - deputy editor, editor of the regional newspaper Smena (Leningrad). 1980-1988 - editor-in-chief of the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda. 1988-1991 - editor-in-chief of the Uchitelskaya Gazeta. 1991 - first deputy editor-in-chief of the newspaper Pravda. Political career : Deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the first (1993-1995) and second (elected December 17, 1995, on the federal list of the CPFR) convocations. From January 1994 - Vice-Chairman of the Committee of the State Duma for Information Policy and Communications. Since January 24, 1995 - Vice-Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. In January 1996 elected Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation. (Chairman of the State Duma since 1999) State Duma or Gosudarstvennaya Duma (450 seats, members, elected for a four year term, 225 members elected in single-seat constuencies and 225 members by proportional representation) Last elections : 19 December 1999 (next to be held NA December 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : KPRF 113 (Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii / Communist Party of the Russian Federation, communist) ; MEDVED 72 (Mezhregional'noye Dvizhenie Yedinstvo / Inter-Regional Movement Unity, populist) ; OVR 66 (Otechestvo Vsya Rossiya / Fatherland All Russia - composed by : Otechestvo / Fatherland, populist and Vsya Rossiya /All Russia, populist) ; SPS 29 (Soyuz Pravikh Sil/Union of Right Forces, democratic conservative) ; Yabloko 21 (Yabloko / Apple, liberal reformist) ; BZ 17 (Blok Zhirinovskogo / Zhironovsky Blok) ; NDR 7 (Nash dom Rossiya / Our Home is Russia, moderate reformist) ; DPA 2 (Obsherossiskoe Politcheskoye Dvizhenie v podderzhku armii / All-Russian Political Movement in Support the Army) ; PP 1 (Partiya Pensionerov / Pensioners' Party, pensioners) ; KRO-DYB 1 (Kongress russkikh obshchin i Dvizhenie Y.Boldureva / Congress of Russian Communities and Movement of Y. Boldurev) ; RSP 1 (Russkaya Sotsialisticheskaya Partiya / Russian Socialist Party, socialist) ; non-partisans 106 WEB site - http://www.duma.ru/
SAN MARINO	Consiglio Grande e Generale / Great General Council Captains-Regent of the Great General Council Enzo Colombini Born : San Marino in June 06, 1958 Party : PPDS (Partito Progressista Democratico Sammarinese / Sanmarinese Progressive Democratic Party) Gian Franco Terenzi Born : San Marino in January 02, 1941 Education/Profession : Laureato in sociologia, dal 1961 è titolare e fondatore di un'Azienda metalmeccanica. Party : PDCS (Partito Democratico Cristiano Sammarinese / Sanmarinese Christian-Democratic Party) (Captains-Regent of the Great General Council since October 1, 2000 - 2nd time) Unicameral Great and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats ; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) Last elections : 31 May 1998 Last election results : percent of seats by party : PDCS 25 (Partito Democratico Cristiano Sammarinese / Sanmarinese Christian-Democratic Party, christian-democratic) ; PSS 14 (Partito Socialista Sammarinese / Sanmarinese Socialist Party, social-democratic) ; PPDS 11 (Partito Progressista Democratico Sammarinese / Sanmarinese Progressive Democratic Party, social-democratic) ; APDS 6 (Alleanza Popolare dei Democratici Sammarinesi / Popular Alliance of Sanmarinese Democrats, centrist) ; SR 2 (Socialisti per le Riforme / Socialists for Reforms, social-democratic) ; RCS 2 (Rifondazione Comunista Sammarinese / Sammarinese Communist Refoundation, communist) WEB site - No known sites
SLOVAKIA	Národná Rada Slovenskej Republiky National Council of the Slovak Republic PhDr.Jozef Migas - Chairman of the National Council Born : on January 7, 1954 Education/Profession : Ph D in philosophy. Worked at the Slovak Academy of Sciences in KOSICE, and subsequently at the Higher Polytechnical School and in the structures of the Comunist Party of Slovakia in Bratislava. Political career : In 1993, he joined Slovak diplomatic services. Chargé of the Slovakian Embassy in Ukrainia. 1995- 1996 : Ambassador of Slovakia in Ukrainia. On 27 of April 1996 : Président of the SDL. On 25 of September 1998 : MP with the SDL in the Parliament. On 29 of October 1998 : Président of the Parliament. (Chairman of the National Council since October 29 ,1998) Unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovensky Repubiky (150 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 22 and 26 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2003) Last election results : percent of seats by party : HZDS 43 (Hnutie za Demokratické Slovensko / Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, authoritarian) ; SDK 42 (Slovenská demokratická koalícia / Slovak Democratic Coalition) ; SDL 23 (Strana demokratickej lavice / Party of Democratic Left, socialist) ; SMK 15 (Strana madarskej koalície - Magyar Koalíció Pártja / Party of the Hungarian Coalition, minority party ) ; SNS 14 (Slovenská národná strana / Slovak National Party, xenophobic) ; SOP 13 (Strana obcianskeho porozumenia / Party of Civic Understanding, social-liberal) WEB site - http://www.nrsr.sk/
SLOVENIA	Drzavni Zbor Republike Slovenije / Assembly of Slovenia Drzavni Zbor / State Chamber Borut Pahor - President of the National Assembly Born : on 2nd November 1963 in Postojna Education/Profession : Attended primary school in Sempeter pri Gorici, and secondary school in Nova Gorica. In 1987 he graduated in International Relations from the Faculty for Social Sciences under the guidance of Dr. Ernest Petric, and received the Preseren and Zore awards for his thesis.(He speaks English, Italian, French) Party : ZLSD (Zdruãena Lista socialnih demokratov / United List of Social-Democrats) Political career : First entered parliament in 1990 on a ZKS-SDP (Party for the Democratic Renewal) List. He headed the Parliamentary Committee for Youth and was later Vice-chairman of the Parliamentary Committee for International Relations. Re-election to Parliament of a ZLSD List in 1992. In 1996 he was appointed one of the vice-chairmen of the Council of Europe. He was the ad hoc chairman of the Committee for Gender Equality in Strasbourg. In 1996 and 1997 he was a member of the Executive Council of the International Parliamentary Organisation (UPI) and was elected a member of the Bureau of the Socialist Parliamentary Group at the Council of Europe in 1998. Re-elected to Slovenian Parliament for a second time in 1996 and became the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly. Elected Chairman of the National Assembly in a secret ballot by 63 votes to 25 in 10 November 2000. (President of the National Assembly since 10 November 2000) The Skupcina Slovenije (Assembly of Slovenia) has two chambers. The Drzavni Zbor (State Chamber) has 90 members, elected for a four year term, 88 members elected by proportional representation and 2 members elected by ethnic minorities. The Drzavni Svet (State Council) has 40 members, 18 members representing local councillors and 22 members representing commercial and non-commercial interests. Last elections : 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : LDS 34 (Liberalna Demokracija Slovenije / Liberal Democracy of Slovenia, liberal) ; SDSS 14 (Socialdemokratska Stranka Slovenije / Social Democratic Party of Slovenia, conservative social-democratic) ; ZLSD 11 (Zdruãena Lista socialnih demokratov / United List of Social-Democrats, social-democratic) ; SLS+SKD 9 (SLS + SKD Slovenska Ljudska Stranka / SLS + SKD Slovenian People's Party, conservative) ; NSi 8 (Nova Slovenija Krãanski Ljudska Stranka / New Slovenia Christian People's Party, christian-democratic) ; DeSUS 4 (Demokratiãna stranka upokojencev Slovenije / Democratic Party of Retired People of Slovenia, pensioners' party) ; SNS 4 (Slovenska Nacionalna Stranka / Slovenian National Party, nationalist) ; SMS 4 (Stranka Mladih Slovenije / Party of the Slovenia Youth) ; Hungarian and Italian ethnic minorities 2 WEB site - http://www.dz-rs.si/
SPAIN	Las Cortes Generales / The General Courts Senado / Senate Esperanza Aguirre Gil de Biedma - President of the Senate Born : in Madrid on January 3, 1952 Education/Profession : Bachelor of Law from the“ Universidad Complutense“ in Madrid (1974). Civil Officer of the Corps of Higher Technicians in Information andTourism of the State since 1976. Party : PP (Partido Popular / People's Party) Political career : Advisor to Madrid Municipal Council 1983-1987 and 1993-1995. Special advisor entrusted with Envrionment to the Munical Council of Madrid en 1989-1995. Senator elected for Madrid in VI 1996-2000. Minister of Education and Culture (1996-1999). President of the Senate since February 9, 1999. (President of the Senate since February 9, 1999) Bicameral ; the General Courts or National Assembly or Las Cortes Generales consists of the Senate or Senado (256 seats - 208 members directly elected by popular vote and the other 48 appointed by the regional legislatures to serve four-year terms) Last election : 12 March 2000 (Next to be held by 12 March 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PP 126 (Partido Popular / People's Party) ; PSOE 62 (Partido Socialista Obrero Español / Spanish Socialist Workers' Party) ; CiU 8 (Convergència i Unió / Convergence and Union) ; PNV 6 (Euzko Alberdi Jeltzalea/Partido Nacionalista Vasco /Basque Nationalist Party) ; CC 5 (Coalición Canaria / Canarian Coalition) ; PIL 1 (Partido de Independientes de Lanzarote / Party of Independents from Lanzarote) WEB site - http://www.senado.es/ Congreso de los Diputados Luisa Fernanda Rudi Úbeda - President of the Congress of Deputies Born : on December 13, 1950, in Sevilla Education/Profession : Vocational Trade teacher and also employed as comptroller. Party : PP (Partido Popular / People's Party) Political career : Deputy in the Cortes of Aragón during the first legislature (1983-1987). On 17 of June 1995 was sworn in her post as Mayor of Zaragoza following her election with simple majority. MP during Legislatures III, IV and V. Also was third Secretary of the Table int the Congress of Deputies in the Vth Legislature. (President of the Congress of Deputies since February 9, 1999) Congress of Deputies or Congreso de los Diputados (350 seats ; members are elected by popular vote on block lists by proportional representation to serve four-year terms) Last election : 12 March 2000 (Next to be held by 12 March 2004) Last election results : percent of seats by party : PP 183 (Partido Popular / People's Party, conservative) ; PSOE 125 (Partido Socialista Obrero Español / Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, social-democratic) ; CiU 15 (Convergència i Unió / Convergence and Union - composed by : Convergència Democrática de Catalunya / Democratic Convergence of Catalonia, regionalist centrist and Unió Democrática de Catalunya / Democratic Union of Catalonia, regionalist christian-democratic) ; IU 8 (Izquierda Unida / United Left composed by : Partido Comunista de España/Communist Party of Spain ; Partido de Acción Socialista /Socialist Action Party ; Izquierda Republicana / Republican Left ; Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya / Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia ; Partit dels i les Comunistes de Catalunya /Party of Communists of Catalonia ; Candidatura Unitaria de Trabajadores / Unitarian Candidature of Workers and Berdak-Les Verds) ; PNV 7 (Euzko Alberdi Jeltzalea/Partido Nacionalista Vasco /Basque Nationalist Partyregionalist, christian-democratic) ; CC 4 (Coalición Canaria / Canarian Coalition, regional centrist) ; BNG 3 (Bloque Nacionalista Galego / Galician Nacionalist Bloc regionalist social-democratic) ; PA 1 (Partido Andalucista / Andalusian Party, regionalist) ; ERC 1 (Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya / Republican Left of Catalonia, regionalist progressive centrist) ; IC-V 1 (Iniciativa per Catalunya-Verds / Initiative for Catalonia-Greens, regionalist green) ; EA 1 (Eusko Alkartasuna (Basque Solidarity, regionalist progressive) ; CHA 1 (Chunta Aragonesista / Aragonese Junta, regionalist) WEB site - http://www.congreso.es/
SWEDEN	Riksdagen / Diet Birgitta Dahl - Speaker of the Riksdag (Talman of the Riksdag) Born : on September 20, 1937 in the parish of Råda, Göteborg Education/Profession : Higher School Certificate, 1956. Bachelor of Arts, Uppsala University, 1960. Course Assistant, Nordic Africa Institute, 1964-65. Higher Administrative Officer, Swedish International Development Authority (Sida), 1965-68, Senior Administrative Officer 1968-82. Party : SAP (Sveriges Socialdemokratiska Arbetarepartiet / Sweden Social Democratic Workers' Party) Political career : Member of the Riksdag, 1969- (Second Chamber for Uppsala County, 1969-70). Minister, Ministry of Industry (with special responsibility for energy issues), 8 Oct. 1982 &endash; 31 Dec. 1986 (and for environmental issues at the Ministry of Agriculture, 13 Mar. &endash; 31 Dec. 1986). Minister and Head of Ministry of the Environment and Energy, 1 Jan. 1987 &endash; 89. Minister and Head of Ministry of the Environment, 1990 &endash; 4 Oct. 1991. Member of the Parliamentary Review Committee since 1998, Chairman since 1998. (Speaker of the Riksdag (Talman of the Riksdag) since 1998) Unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats ; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms) Last elections : 20 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2002) Last election results : percent of seats by party : SAP 131 (Sveriges Socialdemokratiska Arbetarepartiet / Sweden Social Democratic Workers' Party, social-democratic) ; M 82 (Moderata Samlingspartiet / Moderate Rally Party, conservative) ; Vp 43 (Vänsterpartiet / Left-wing Party, socialist) ; KD 42 (Kristdemokraterna / Christian-Democrats, christian-democratic) ; C 18 (Centerpartiet / Centre Party, agrarian centrist) ; FpL 17 (Folkpartiet Liberalerna / People's Party Liberals, liberal) ; MPG 16 (Miljöpartiet de Gröna / Environment Party the Greens, ecologist) WEB site - http://www.riksdagen.se/
SCHWEIZ-SUISSE-SVIZZERA	Bundesversammlung - Assemblée Fédérale - Assemblea Federale Standerat - Conseil des Etats - Consiglio degli Stati Françoise Saudan - President of the Council of States Born : November 09, 1939 in Lyon, France Education : High School - University of Geneva - business guide with the SBG - female assistant at the University of Geneva - administrator in exempt private companies. Diplomas : Bachelor in Economics (marketing and management) and a BL.L Party : FDP (Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei der Schweiz / Freethinking-Democratic Party of Switzerland) Political career : 1991 - 1994 : Council of Chêne-Bougeries.1985 - 1995: Membre du state Council of Geneva. 1985 - 1988: President of FDP Geneva. 1999/2000 : Vice president of Council of States. (President of the Council of States since 2000) Bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung (in German), Assemblee Federale (in French), Assemblea Federale (in Italian) consists of the Council of States or Standerat (in German), Conseil des Etats (in French), Consiglio degli Stati (in Italian) (46 seats - members serve four-year terms) Elections : 24 October and 28 November 1999 (next to be held NA October 2003) Last election results : percent of vote and seats by party : FDP 18 (Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei der Schweiz / Freethinking-Democratic Party of Switzerland, liberal) ; CVP 15 (Christlich-Demokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz / Christian Democratic People's Party, christian-democratic) ; SVP 7 (Schweizerische Volkspartei /Swiss People's Party, conservative) ; SPS 6 (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz / Social-Democratic Party of Switzerland, social-democratic) Nationalrat - Conseil National - Consiglio Nazionale Peter Hess - President of the National Council Born : May 14, 1948 in Wohnhaft Education : Law studies- University of Fribourg, Dr. iur. Attorney - post-graduate studies at Columbia University, New York (LL.M.) Party : CVP (Christlich-Demokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz / Christian Democratic People's Party) Political career : 1979-1982 : Great council of the Zug city . 1979-1982 vice-president WGZ housing cooperative Zug since 1983. National council 1991-1998 President de VCP Parliamentary Group of the Presidential Election Council. National council president 2000/2001. (President of the National Council since 2000) National Council or Nationalrat (in German), Conseil National (in French), Consiglio Nazionale (in Italian) (200 seats - members are elected by popular vote on a basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) Elections : 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2003) Last election results : percent of vote and seats by party : SPS 51 (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz / Social-Democratic Party of Switzerland, social-democratic) ; SVP 44 (Schweizerische Volkspartei /Swiss People's Party, conservative) ; FDP 43 (Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei der Schweiz /Freethinking-Democratic Party of Switzerland, liberal) ; CVP 35 (Christlich-Demokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz / Christian Democratic People's Party, christian-democratic) ; GPS 9 (Grüne Partei der Schweiz (Green Party of Switzerland, ecologist) ; LPS 6 (Liberale Partei der Schweiz (Liberal Party of Switzerland, liberal) ; EVP 3 (Evangelische Volkspartei der Schweiz (Protestant People's Party, conservative christian-democratic) ; PdA 2 (Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz (Swiss Labour Party, communist) ; LdT 2 (Lega dei Ticinese/ League of Ticinesians, regionalist conservative) ; SD 1 (Schweizer Demokraten / Swiss Democrats, xenophobic) ; LdU 1 (Liste der Unabhängigen / List of Independents, social-liberal) ; Sol 1 (Solidarités / Solidarities, socialist) ; CSP 1 (Christlich-Soziale Partei / Parti Chrétien-Social / Christian Social Party, progressive christian-democratic). WEB site - http://www.parlament.ch/
UKRAINE	Verkhovna Rada / Supreme Council awaiting Ivan Stepanovych Pliushch - President of Parliament Born : (President of Parliament since 1998) Unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats ; under Ukraine's new election law, half of the Rada's seats are allocated on a proportional basis to those parties that gain 4% of the national electoral vote ; the other 225 members are elected by popular vote in single-mandate constituencies; all serve four-year terms) Last Elections : 29 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2002) Last election results : seats by party : KPU 113 (Kommunistychna Partiya Ukrayiny / Communist Party of Ukraine, communist) ; Rukh 46 (Narodnyy Rukh Ukrayiny / People's Movement of Ukraine, conservative reformist) ; SPU/SelPU 44 (Composed by : Sotsialistychna Partiya Ukrayiny / Socialist Party of Ukraine, extreme left and Selianska Partiya Ukrayiny / Peasants' Party of Ukraine, extreme left) ; NDPU 28 (Narodne-Demokratychna Partiya Ukrayiny / People's Democratic Party of Ukraine, centrist) ; SDPU[o] 26 (Sotsial-Demokratychna Partiya Ukrayiny [Obyednana] / United Social-Democratic Party of Ukraine, social-democratic) ; Hromada 23 (Vseukrayinske Obyednannya "Hromada" / All-Ukrayinian Association Hromada, centrist) ; PZU 19 (Partiya Zelenykh Ukrayiny / Ukrayinian Green Party, ecologist) ; PSP 16 (Prohresyvna Sotsialistychna Partiya / Progressive Socialist Party, communist) ; APU 10 (Ahrarna Partiya Ukrayiny / Agrarian Party of Ukraine, agrarian) ; Others 21 ; Non-partisans 114 WEB site - http://www.rada.kiev.ua/welcome.html
UNITED KINGDOM The Parliamentary Logo	United Kingdom Parliament House of Lords Alexander Andrew Mackay (Lord Irvine of Lairg) - Lord Chancellor Born : in Inverness, on 23 June 1940 Education/Profession : Educated at Inverness Academy, Hutchesons' Grammar School (Glasgow) and Glasgow and Cambridge Universities. He taught law at the London School of Economics (1965-9). He was called to the Bar (1967), appointed a QC (1978) and became a judge and life peer in 1987. Political career : Appointed Lord High Chancellor (pre-eminent judge, government minister responsible for legislative matters and Speaker of the House of Lords) in the Blair administration (1997). (Lord Chancellor since 2 May 1997) Note : Baron Irvine of Lairg - He chose Lairg for his barony because his maternal family lived in the village. Bicameral Parliament consists of House of Lords (1,200 seats ; four-fifths of the members are hereditary peers, two archbishops, 24 other senior bishops, serving and retired Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, other life peers, Scottish peers) No elections Note : in 1999, the government ended the right of most hereditary members, except for life members and 92 hereditary members, to sit in the House of Lords; they will sit until final reforms are made House of Commons Michael John Martin - Speaker of the House of Commons Born : 1945 (Speaker of the House of Commons since 23 rd October 2000 ) House of Commons (659 seats ; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms unless the House is dissolved earlier) Elections : 7 June 2001 (next to be held by NA May 2004) Last election results : seats by party : Lab 413 (Labour Party, social-democratic) ; Cons 166 (Conservative Party, conservative) ; LibDem 52 (Liberal Democrats, social-liberal) ; UUP 6 (Ulster Unionist Party, Northern Irish conservative) ; SNP 5 (Scottish National Party, Scottish separatist unionist) ; DUP 5 (Democratic Unionist Party, Northern Irish radical unionist) ; PC 4 (Playd Cymru/Party of Wales, Welsh regionalist) ; SF 4 (Sinn Fein / Northern Irish We Ourselves, separatist extreme left) ; SD/LP 3 (Social Democratic and Labour Party) ; Non-partisans 1 WEB site - http://www.parliament.uk/
VATICAN	Unicameral Pontifical Commission. Vatican City does not have any parliament or party.
YUGOSLAVIA (Serbia and Montenegro)	Savezna Skupstina Vece Republika / Council of the Republics awaiting Srda Bozovic - President of the Council of Republics Born : (President of the Chamber of Republics since 1996) Bicameral Federal Assembly or Savezna Skupstina consists of the Chamber of Republics or Vece Republika (40 members elected by the people for a four year term, 20 members from Serbia and 20 members from Montenegro) Last elections : 24 september 2000 Last election results : seats by party : SNPCG 19 (Socijalisticka narodna partija Crne Gore) ; DOS 10 (Demokratska Opozicija Srbije) ; SPS/JUL 7 ; SRS 2 (Srpska Radikalna Stranka) ; SNPCG 1 (Serbian People's Party of Montenegro) ; SPO 1 (Srpski Pokret Obnove) Vece Gradjana / Council of Citizens awaiting Dragoljub Micunovic - Speaker of the Council of Citizens Born : (Speaker of the Chamber of Citizens since 24 September 2000 ) Chamber of Citizens or Vece Gradjana (138 members, 60 members elected for a four year term in single seat-constituencies and 78 members by proportional representation, 108 members elected from Serbs and 30 members elected from Montenegro) Last elections : 24 september 2000 Last election results : seats by party : DOS 58 (Demokratska Opozicija Srbije / Democratic Opposition of Serbia) ; SPS-JUL 54 (SPS/JUL composed by : Socialisticka Partija Srbije /Serb Socialist Party, authoritarian and Jugoslovenska Levica / Jugoslav Left, communist) ; SNP 28 (Socijalisticka narodna partija Crne Gore / Socialist People's Party of Montenegro) ; SRS 5 (Srpska Radikalna Stranka / Serb Radical Party, xenophobic) ; SNSCG 2 (Serbian People's Party of Montenegro) ; VMSz 1 (Vajdasági Magyar Szövetsége/Savez Vojvodjanskih Mazara / Vojvodina's Hungarian's Union, minority) WEB site - http://www.gov.yu/institutions/assembly/assembly.html

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